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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Cancer. 2015 Dec 9;138(9):2088–2097. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29940

Table 3.

Hazard ratiosa for post-diagnosis lifestyle factors in association with late all-cause mortality (≥5 years)among ER+ breast cancer survivors (N=6,259)b

Events Cohort HR (95% CI)
Pre- to post-diagnosis weight changec
  Loss of 5–10% 129 595 1.16 (0.95–1.41)
  Loss of ≥10% 69 348 1.17 (0.53–2.59)
  Stable 599 3217 1.00 (reference)
  Gain of 5–10% 199 1021 1.08 (0.85–1.36)
  Gain of ≥10% 187 1001 1.06 (0.82–1.38)
BMI at 2 years post-diagnosis (kg/m2)c
<21.5 151 784 1.19 (0.98–1.45)
  21.5–24.99 314 1877 1.00 (reference)
  25–29.9 400 2093 1.05 (0.81–1.37)
  30–34.99 211 970 1.12 (0.78–1.63)
  ≥35 133 535 1.37 (0.93–2.01)
Ptrend 0.19
Post-diagnosis BMI using second available weight measurement (kg/m2)d
<21.5 144 716 1.42 (1.15–1.74)
  21.5–24.99 244 1702 1.00 (reference)
  25–29.9 320 1927 1.06 (0.90–1.26)
  30–34.99 162 891 1.11 (0.91–1.36)
  ≥35 92 445 1.40 (1.09–1.81)
Ptrend 0.013
Post-diagnosis recreational physical activity (MET-h/wk)
  0–<4.9 503 2027 1.00 (reference)
  4.9–<17.4 382 2076 0.81 (0.71–0.93)
  ≥17.4 324 2156 0.71 (0.61–0.82)
Ptrend <0.0001
Post-diagnosis alcohol consumption (g/day)c
  Non-drinker 529 2491 1.00 (reference)
  0.36–6 328 1864 0.94 (0.81–1.08)
<6–<12 121 676 1.00 (0.64–1.57)
  ≥12 185 1055 0.93 (0.75–1.17)
Ptrend 0.29
Smoking status at first post-diagnosis survey
  Never 513 3045 1.00 (reference)
  Former <20 pack-years 268 1751 0.94 (0.81–1.09)
  Former ≥20 pack-years 266 996 1.46 (1.25–1.70)
  Current 144 408 2.20 (1.82–2.66)
a

Adjusted for age at diagnosis, TNM stage, PR status, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy, race/ethnicity, menopausal status, comorbidity (diabetes, hypertension), studied lifestyle factors (as appropriate), and time between exposure measurement and 5-year post diagnosis date, stratified by study. Models for weight change also adjusted for pre-diagnosis BMI.

b

Table limited to 5-year survivors. In addition, specific models excluded the following: 82 missing pre-diagnosis BMI (for weight change models), 252 missing alcohol intake (for alcohol models), 65 missing pack-year information (smoking models).

c

The Q statistic was statistically significant for one exposure category for three models (weight loss ≥10%, P =0.036, post-diagnosis BMI 30–34.99 kg/m2, P =0.016, alcohol intake of 6–<12 g/day, P =0.0095); therefore, the results were from a random effects meta-analysis for these models.1

d

Using second post-diagnosis weight instead of first post-diagnosis weight, assessed at on average 4.6 years after diagnosis.

Model excludes women with second weight measured after recurrence (n=31). Excludes and additional 547 women missing second measurement of BMI.