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. 2016 Feb 10;2016:1287847. doi: 10.1155/2016/1287847

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and scoring Visual-Functioning Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) of the diabetic patients and control subjects.

Diabetic patients (n = 7) Control subjects (n = 13) p value§
Mean ± SD Range Mean ± SD Range
Sex 4 M, 3 F 9 M, 4 F
Age (yr) 54.857 ± 10.254 45–71 40.769 ± 11.763 25–68 0.014
LogMAR AV 0.045 ± 0.086 0–0.222 0.007 ± 0.027 0–0.097 0.438
Fasting glucose levels (mg/dL) 147 ± 16.653 130–181 95.461 ± 8.402 84–112 <0.001
HbA1c levels (%) 7.214 ± 1.120 6.0–9.60
Diabetes duration (months) 182.143 ± 140.741 3–360
General Health 64.286 ± 19.670 50–100 69.231 ± 18.125 25–100 0.438
General Vision 74.286 ± 9.759 60–80 70.770 ± 15.525 40–80 0.817
Ocular pain 94.643 ± 9.835 66.67–100 81.731 ± 16.626 50–100 0.097
Distance vision activities 92.829 ± 8.908 75–100 89.098 ± 14.184 50–100 0.588
Near vision activities 83.096 ± 11.644 66.67–100 91.665 ± 16.316 41.67–100 0.311
Visual-Specific Social Functioning 98.214 ± 4.724 87.50–100 95.192 ± 9.599 75–100 0.699
Visual-Specific Mental Health 83.929 ± 9.449 68.75–93.75 81.731 ± 24.535 6.25–100 0.536
Visual-Specific Role Difficulties 92.857 ± 12.199 75–100 86.538 ± 20.704 37.50–100 0.588
Visual-Specific Dependency 100 92.948 ± 19.199 33.33–100 0.588
Driving 79.763 ± 36.279 0–100 73.071 ± 35.381 0–100 0.536
Colour vision 100 98.077 ± 6.934 75–100 0.817
Peripheral vision 96.429 ± 9.450 75–100 88.461 ± 19.406 50–100 0.536
Sum Scale 92.26 ± 4.139 86.44–96.54 87.618 ± 13.352 51.55–97.61 0.817

§Mann-Whitney U test.

LogMAR AV: Visual Acuity Logarithm of the Minimum of Angle Resolution; HbA1c: Glycated haemoglobin.