Table 2.
Victimization among first-generation immigrant school-aged youth in the United States
| Born outside of the United States | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experienced Recurrent Victimization (2-3 times monthly or more) | No (n = 11,030; 92.35%) | Yes (n = 1,068; 7.65%) | ||||||
| % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | OR | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | |
| Any (1+) form of bullying | ||||||||
| No | 76.52 | (75.16-77.83) | 71.17 | (66.15-75.71) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 23.48 | (22.17-24.84) | 28.83 | (24.29-33.85) | 1.32 | (1.06-1.65) | 1.37 | (1.04-1.79) |
| Called mean names, was made fun of, or teased in a hurtful way | ||||||||
| No | 87.86 | (86.95-88.71) | 84.14 | (80.95-86.89) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 12.14 | (11.29-13.05) | 15.86 | (13.11-19.05) | 1.36 | (1.08-1.72) | 1.42 | (1.06-1.92) |
| Left out of things on purpose, excluded from groups of friends / completely ignored | ||||||||
| No | 89.98 | (89.05-90.84) | 86.94 | (83.42-89.81) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 10.02 | (9.16-10.95) | 13.06 | (10.19-16.58) | 1.35 | (1.01-1.80) | 1.43 | (0.98-2.07) |
| Students told lies or spread false rumors about me and tried to make others dislike me | ||||||||
| No | 88.45 | (87.29-89.52) | 83.99 | (80.65-86.85) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 11.15 | (10.48-12.71) | 16.01 | (13.15-19.35) | 1.46 | (1.15-1.85) | 1.44 | (1.07-1.94) |
| Hit, kicked, pushed, shoved around, or locked indoors | ||||||||
| No | 93.95 | (93.20-94.63) | 90.56 | (87.83-92.73) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 6.05 | (5.37-6.80) | 9.44 | (7.27-12.17) | 1.62 | (1.19-2.20) | 1.56 | (1.09-2.23) |
| Students made sexual jokes, comments or gestures to me | ||||||||
| No | 89.86 | (89.02-90.64) | 85.69 | (82.37-88.47) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 10.14 | (9.36-10.98) | 14.31 | 11.53-17.63) | 1.48 | (1.13-1.92) | 1.55 | (1.17-2.07) |
| Bullied with mean names and comments about my religion | ||||||||
| No | 96.23 | (95.50-96.85) | 91.26 | (88.62-93.34) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 3.77 | (3.15-4.50) | 8.74 | (6.66-11.38) | 2.45 | (1.73-3.46) | 1.77 | (1.12-2.79) |
| Bullied with mean names and comments about my race or color | ||||||||
| No | 94.11 | (93.20-94.90) | 86.24 | (82.64-89.19) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 5.89 | (5.10-6.80) | 13.76 | (10.81-17.36) | 2.55 | (1.84-3.53) | 2.14 | (1.48-3.10) |
| Bullied using a computer or e-mail messages or pictures | ||||||||
| No | 95.97 | (95.34-96.52) | 91.14 | (88.94-92.93) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 4.03 | (3.48-4.66) | 8.86 | (7.07-11.06) | 2.32 | (1.77-3.03) | 2.27 | (1.62-3.39) |
| Bullied using a cell phone | ||||||||
| No | 96.49 | (96.01-96.92) | 90.88 | (88.43-92.85) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 3.51 | (3.08-3.99) | 9.12 | (7.15-11.57) | 2.76 | (2.11-3.61) | 2.43 | (1.77-3.34) |
Note: Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, grade level, and family affluence. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in bold are statistically significant.