Fig. 4.

Reversion of autoimmune diabetes in new-onset type 1 diabetes NOD mice. A At the onset of diabetes, two doses of 50 µl ATS were given to diabetic NOD mice on day 0 and day 2 by intraperitoneal injection. On day 7, ex vivo converted GAD65 primed DN T cells (1 × 10⁶) were transferred to ATS-treated mice by tail vein injection. Mice were monitored for the diabetes reversion by measuring blood glucose levels. Statistical analysis was performed using a log-rank test. B Histological analysis of islets from different groups. Routine H and E staining of pancreas isolated 4 weeks after diabetes onset. Massive tissue infiltration by mononuclear cells with destruction of islets is observed in mice without treatment (a), with two doses of ATS treatment (b), DN T cells alone (c) and combination treatment of DN T cells plus ATS show intact islets with minimal mononuclear cell infiltration (d). Paraffin sections, original magnification× 400