Table 2.
Clinical factors associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | HR | 95 % CI | P value | HR | 95 % CI | P value |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| ≥ 60 (ref. <60) | 3.40 | 1.35–9.68 | 0.0085 | NS | ||
| Male (ref. female) | 1.77 | 0.73–4.54 | 0.21 | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | ||||||
| ≥ 25.0 (ref. <25.0) | 1.28 | 0.46–4.53 | 0.65 | |||
| Pre-treatment ALT (U/L) | ||||||
| ≥ 40 (ref. <40) | 3.12 | 1.04–13.46 | 0.042 | NS | ||
| Post-treatment ALT (U/L) | ||||||
| ≥ 40 (ref. <40) | 7.01 | 2.69–21.76 | <0.0001 | 4.33 | 1.09–24.8 | 0.036 |
| α-fetoprotein (ng/mL) | ||||||
| ≥ 10.0 (ref. <10.0) | 4.27 | 1.68–10.5 | 0.0030 | NS | ||
| Fasting serum insulin (μU/mL) | ||||||
| ≥ 15.0 (ref. <15.0) | 3.99 | 1.61–9.78 | 0.0033 | NS | ||
| HOMA-IR | ||||||
| ≥ 2.5 (ref. <2.5) | 15.7 | 4.47–99.1 | <0.0001 | 12.8 | 2.81–93.0 | 0.0006 |
| Fibrosis stage | ||||||
| F3 (ref. F0-2) | 13.9 | 5.42–40.26 | <0.0001 | 8.85 | 2.99–29.3 | <0.0001 |
| Activity grade | ||||||
| A2-3 (ref. A0-1) | 1.60 | 0.63–4.56 | 0.33 | |||
| Treatment outcome | ||||||
| Non-SVR (ref. SVR) | 5.23 | 1.74–22.55 | 0.0020 | NS | ||
HR hazard ratio; CI confidence interval; NS no significance; ALT alanine aminotransferase; HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; SVR sustained virological response