Table 2.

Frequency of active commuting to school by demographic characteristics and parents’ perceptions of neighborhood environment

Characteristics	% of studentsa	p-value
Overall	54
Age, years
3-5	38
6-11	55	< 0.001
12-18	58
Gender
Female	56
Male	52	0.333
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic black	54
Non-Hispanic white	61	0.052
Hispanic	53
Other	48
Household income
≤200% FPL	57	0.019
> 200% FPL	40
City
Newark	56
Camden	52	0.377
New Brunswick	49
Trenton	49
Education of mother
High school or less	58
Some college	43	0.005
College and advanced	44
Acculturation
Born in U.S.	52
In U.S. < 10 years	59
In U.S. ≥10 years	59
Car access
No car access	68	0.006
Car access	51
PERCEPTIONS
Traffic
Not very unsafe	54
Very unsafe	55
Crime
Not very unsafe	53	0.107
Very unsafe	56
Unpleasantness of walking
Not very unpleasant	56	0.002
Very unpleasant	40
Sidewalk condition
Good/fair	54	0.982
Poor	54

^aActively commuting to schools, n=901; unweighted n; reported frequencies weighted to be representative of the population of the four cities

FPL, federal poverty level