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. 2015 Dec;16(6):393–404. doi: 10.2174/1389202916666150817203144

Fig. (1).

Fig. (1)

Cartilage matrix homeostasis is regulated dynamically by the TGF-β signaling pathway. The diagram shows the effect of miRNAs on the TGF-β signaling pathway. miR-199, and miR-26 target smad1 and miR-135 target smad5, and further promote the TGF-β Smad 2/3 pathway by suppressing the Smad 1/5/8 pathway from promoting an anabolic chondrocyte response. Similarly, miR-140, 145, 29 target Smad3 and then promote the TGF-β Smad 1/5/8 pathway by suppressing the Smad 2/3 pathway from promoting a degradative chondrocyte response. miR-146a regulates cartilage matrix homeostasis by targeting smad4. miR-483, and miR-337 influence cartilage matrix homeostasis via their effects on BMP7 and TGF-β2R, respectively. Conversely, miR-155 and miR-24 are negatively and positively regulated by TGF-β, respectively.