Table 1.

Comparison of conventional paper medical charts and MIVA 2.0.

TOPIC	PAPER CHARTS	MIVA 2.0
Importance to Clinical Work	• Absolutely critical in the ICU. • Have natural affordances that are difficult to replicate.	• Can be very helpful in the ICU.
Learnability	• Require an initial investment in learning. • Work routinely in the ICU environment with no learning needed.	• Is similar to other information displays and thus requires minimal learning. • Is much easier than commercial EMR systems.
Limitations	• Cannot view data efficiently or integrate different pieces of information very well. • Require more mental effort: flipping pages with different data in different places. • Are not computable.	• Lack of familiarity. • May only be able to compare five visual data points simultaneously. • Lack of the undo option. • No emergency exit appears anywhere.
Long-term Consequence	• Provide greater chances for errors. • Give an inefficient interpretation of data leading to inaccurate conclusions.	• May expedite data interpretation / trend analysis. • Provides user-controlled display with info access. • Allows for faster decision-making.