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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 23.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2016 Jan 27;133(8):698–705. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017355

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Myocardial metabolite profile on a ketogenic diet is similar to that observed for the HF mice on a standard chow diet. (A) Levels of R-C4OH-carnitine, S-C4OH-carnitine, and C2-carnitine in cardiac ventricular tissue from wild-type C57BL/6J mice fed a ketogenic (Keto) diet or standard (Std) chow diet for 4 weeks (n=5 per group). Values were determined using mass spectrometry. *p<0.05. (B) Total C4OH-carnitine levels in extracts prepared from neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) cultured in media +/− 8mM ketone, R-βOHB, in the presence of 1g/L glucose and 1mM carnitine, for 24h (n=3 per group, *p<0.05 by Student’s t-test). (C) Total plasma ketones (acetoacetate+βOHB), glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), and triglycerides in CH, HF and sham-operated control mice in the fed state (after a 4h morning fast; n=5–11 per group). Bars represent mean ± SEM for all panels.*p<0.05.