Table 2.
Percentage and adjusted odds of believing various tobacco products are “less risky” than cigarettes, among all respondents (n=2,871)
| E-cigarettes | Hookah | Smokeless Tobacco a | Snus | Menthol cigarettes | Cigars | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| % | (95% CI)a | AOR | (95% CI)b | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 65.2 | (61.7–68.7) | 1.84 | (1.5–2.3) | 27.5 | (24.4–30.7) | 1.4 | (1.1–1.8) | 9.7 | (7.7–11.7) | 2.1 | (1.4–3.3) | 13.5 | (11.2–15.9) | 2 | (1.4–3.0) | 2.4 | (1.4–3.4) | 0.6 | (0.2–2.2) | 17.2 | (14.6–19.9) | 1.8 | (1.3–2.4) |
| Female | 50.4 | (46.6–54.2) | Ref | -- | 21.4 | (18.5–24.4) | Ref | -- | 4.6 | (3.1–6.1) | Ref | -- | 6.5 | (4.6–8.4) | Ref | -- | 2.6 | (1.7–3.6) | Ref | -- | 10.6 | (8.6–12.7) | Ref | -- |
| p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0055 | p=0.0105 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0005 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0002 | p=0.7495 | p=0.4585 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0002 | |||||||||||||
| Race/Enicity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Whiteb | 62.2 | (58.9–65.5) | Ref | -- | 25.0 | (22.2–27.7) | Ref | -- | 7.8 | (6.1–9.5) | Ref | -- | 10.8 | (8.8–12.8) | Ref | -- | 1.8 | (1.1–2.5) | Ref | -- | 17.4 | (15.0–19.8) | Ref | -- |
| Blackb | 46.3 | (39.0–53.7) | 0.62 | (0.4–0.9) | 21.8 | (15.8–27.8) | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) | 7.0 | (3.3–10.6) | 1.1 | (0.6–2.1) | 8.0 | (3.7–12.3) | 0.9 | (0.5–1.6) | 3.8 | (1.5–6.1) | 3.2 | (0.8–12.7) | 5.4 | (2.5–8.3) | 0.3 | (0.2–0.5) |
| Hispanic | 54.2 | (46.9–61.5) | 0.78 | (0.6–1.1) | 23.1 | (17.2–28.9) | 0.8 | (0.6–1.2) | 5.6 | (2.7–8.5) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.4) | 9.0 | (5.3–12.7) | 0.9 | (0.5–1.4) | 3.3 | (1.0–5.6) | 0.5 | (0.1–3.1) | 6.9 | (3.9–10.0) | 0.4 | (0.2–0.6) |
| Asianb | 48.1 | (38.3–57.9) | 0.52 | (0.3–0.8) | 30.4 | (21.4–39.3) | 1.1 | (0.7–1.8) | 6.8 | (2.3–11.4) | 0.7 | (0.4–1.3) | 9.2 | (4.1–14.3) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.4) | 3.2 | (0.5–5.8) | 1.9 | (0.2–16.8) | 15.5 | (7.3–23.8) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.5) |
| Otherb | 63.1 | (54.2–72.0) | 0.97 | (0.6–1.5) | 22.5 | (15.1–29.8) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.2) | 6.2 | (2.0–10.5) | 0.7 | (0.3–1.7) | 9.7 | (4.5–15.0) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.6) | 2.1 | (0.1–4.1) | 2.6 | (0.5–13.4) | 18.4 | (11.6–25.3) | 1.1 | (0.7– 1.7) |
| p<0.0001 | p=0.0049 | p=0.3372 | p=0.6336 | p=0.7747 | p=0.6515 | p=0.7590 | p=0.8923 | p=0.2303 | p=0.3494 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | |||||||||||||
| Age Group | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18–24 yrs | 62.1 | (58.6–65.7) | 1.57 | (1.3–2.0) | 32.7 | (29.3–36.1) | 2.0 | (1.6–2.6) | 7.4 | (5.7–9.2) | 1 | (0.7–1.5) | 11.0 | (8.8–13.2) | 1.2 | (0.8–1.7) | 4.3 | (2.9–5.8) | 9.1 | (2.3–36.6) | 15.2 | (12.7–17.6) | 1.3 | (1.0–1.7) |
| 25–34 yrs | 54.6 | (50.9–58.4) | Ref | -- | 18.5 | (15.9–21.1) | Ref | -- | 6.9 | (5.2–8.6) | Ref | -- | 9.3 | (7.2–11.3) | Ref | -- | 1.2 | (0.7–1.8) | Ref | -- | 13 | (10.7–15.3) | Ref | -- |
| p<0.0043 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p=0.6841 | p=0.8881 | p=0.2636 | p=0.3569 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0019 | p=0.2052 | p=0.0900 | |||||||||||||
| Education | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| <= HS | 54 | (49.4–58.5) | Ref | -- | 20.9 | (17.5–24.2) | Ref | -- | 7.1 | (5.1–9.2) | Ref | -- | 11.5 | (8.7–14.2) | Ref | -- | 2.8 | (1.6–4.1) | 0.8 | (0.2–3.3) | 10.1 | (7.7–12.5) | Ref | -- |
| > HS | 60.3 | (57.0–63.5) | 1.54 | (1.2–2.0) | 26.6 | (23.8–29.4) | 1.5 | (1.1–2.0) | 7.0 | (5.4–8.5) | 1.1 | (0.7–1.7) | 8.9 | (7.1–10.6) | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) | 2.2 | (1.4–3.0) | Ref | -- | 16.2 | (13.9–18.5) | 1.6 | (1.1–2.2) |
| p=0.0247 | p=0.0004 | p=0.0120 | p=0.0056 | p=0.9201 | p=0.6368 | p=0.1012 | p=0.4578 | p=0.3897 | p=0.7518 | p=0.0006 | p=0.0089 | |||||||||||||
| Smoking Status | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 68.9 | (63.6–74.2) | 1.86 | (1.4–2.5) | 25.2 | (20.4–30.0) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.5) | 8.2 | (5.4–11.0) | 1 | (0.6–1.7) | 13.8 | (10.3–17.4) | 1.4 | (1.0–2.1) | 1.5 | (0.5–2.5) | 0.5 | (0.1–2.9) | 12.6 | (9.2–16.1) | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) |
| Former | 62 | (54.0–70.0) | 1.46 | (1.0–2.1) | 18.0 | (12.2–23.8) | 0.7 | (0.5–1.2) | 8.5 | (4.2–12.7) | 1.2 | (0.6–2.3) | 10.9 | (5.9–15.9) | 1.3 | (0.7–2.4) | 0.8 | (0.0–1.7) | 0.4 | (0.1–2.8) | 13.6 | (8.1–19.1) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.4) |
| Never | 53 | (49.8–56.2) | Ref | -- | 25.3 | (22.7–28.0) | Ref | -- | 6.5 | (5.1–8.0) | Ref | -- | 8.5 | (6.8–10.2) | Ref | -- | 3.2 | (2.2–4.2) | Ref | -- | 14.5 | (12.4–16.5) | Ref | -- |
| p<0.0001 | p=0.0003 | p=0.1270 | p=0.3269 | p=0.4586 | p=0.8815 | p=0.0172 | p=0.1925 | p=0.0081 | p=0.6443 | p=0.6992 | p=0.6493 | |||||||||||||
| Product Usec | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 77.3 | (70.9–83.6) | 1.75 | (1.1–2.7) | 57.3 | (46.1–68.5) | 3.5 | (2.1–5.9) | 25.9 | (14.1–37.7) | 4 | (1.9–8.4) | 37.5 | (24.8–50.1) | 4 | (2.2–7.5) | 1.5 | (0.2–2.8) | 0.5 | (0.2–1.6) | 17 | (10.5–23.5) | 1.2 | (0.7–2.1) |
| No | 55.6 | (52.8–58.4) | Ref | -- | 22.5 | (20.4–24.6) | Ref | -- | 6.4 | (5.2–7.6) | Ref | -- | 9.0 | (7.5–10.4) | Ref | -- | 1.5 | (0.4–2.6) | Ref | -- | 13.6 | (11.9–15.4) | Ref | -- |
| p<0.0001 | p=0.0121 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p=0.0003 | p<0.0001 | p<0.0001 | p=0.9617 | p=0.2462 | p=0.2908 | p=0.4702 | |||||||||||||
| Total | 57.8 | (55.1–60.4) | 24.5 | (22.3–26.6) | 7.1 | (5.9–8.4) | 10.0 | (8.5–11.5) | 2.5 | (1.8–3.2) | 13.9 | (12.2–15.6) | ||||||||||||
a
Excluding snus
b
Non-Hispanic
c
Adjusted for ever (e-cigarettes) or current (hookah, smokeless tobacco/snus, menthol cigarettes, and cigars) use of the product being modeled
d
Prevalence P-values are for Rao-Scott Chi-Square test of covariate by binomial risk perception; AOR P-Values are Wald Chi-Square Type 3 Analysis of Effects