Table 1.
Infection rate of apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) vectors to apple, pear, and Japanese pear following biolistic inoculation∗.
| Plants | Inoculation sites (plant stages) | Infection rate (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Local (cotyledons) | Systemic (true leaves) | ||
| Apple | Cotyledon (seed) ∗∗ | 100 | 90–100 |
| Pear | Cotyledon (seed) | 100 | 70 |
| Japanese pear | Cotyledon (seed) | 100 | 0–20 |
| Apple | True leaf (2nd leaf stage)∗∗∗ | 100 | 50 |
| True leaf (3rd leaf stage) | 100 | 20–50 | |
| True leaf (4th leaf stage) | 100 | 20 | |
∗Experiments were repeated at least twice (at least six plants per experiment). wtALSV and ALSV-AtFT/MdTFL1 were used as inocula. Virus was detected by RT-PCR at 7 days post inoculation (dpi) for inoculated leaves and at 30 dpi for upper true leaves. ∗∗Cotyledons just after germination were inoculated with ALSV-RNAs. ∗∗∗First leaf at second leaf stage, first and second leaves at third leaf stage, and first to third leaves at fourth leaf stage were inoculated with ALSV-RNAs.