TABLE 3.
Participant Characteristics by Treatment Group at Baseline
| Characteristic | Prison/aftercare (n = 108) |
Continuing care (n = 85) |
Total (N = 193) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 36 (33) | 34 (40) | 70 (36) |
| Latina | 33 (31) | 23 (27) | 56 (29) |
| Black | 21 (19) | 18 (21) | 39 (20) |
| Other | 18 (17) | 10 (12) | 27 (15) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||
| Single/never married | 58 (54) | 45 (53) | 103 (53) |
| Ever married (divorced/widowed) | 50 (46) | 40 (47) | 90 (47) |
| Age, M (SD) | 33.8 (8.7) | 33.6 (8.5) | 33.7 (8.6) |
| High school/GED or more, n (%) | 64 (59) | 51 (60) | 115 (60) |
| Employed (full or part time), n (%) | 21 (19) | 20 (26) | 41 (21) |
| Number of children, M (SD) | 2.7 (2.4) | 2.2 (1.7) | 2.5 (2.8) |
| Number of arrests, n (%) | 15 (14) | 14 (14) | 14 (14) |
| Prior mental health treatment (yes/no), n (%) | 45 (42) | 33 (39) | 78 (40) |
| Offense type, n (%) | |||
| Property | 42 (39) | 41 (48) | 83 (43) |
| Drug | 27 (25) | 21 (25) | 48 (25) |
| Violent | 9 (8) | 7 (8) | 16 (8) |
| Parole violation | 21 (19) | 11 (13) | 32 (17) |
| Number of lifetime trauma events (1–4), M (SD) | 2.7 (1.0) | 2.7 (1.1) | 2.7 (1.0) |
| Number of substances used, M (SD) | 2.2 (1.4) | 2.2 (1.4) | 2.2 (1.4) |
| Primary substance, n (%) | |||
| Methamphetamines/amphetamines | 55 (50) | 45 (53) | 100 (52) |
| Crack/cocaine | 16 (15) | 19 (22) | 35 (18) |
| Psychiatric severity score, M (SD) | |||
| ASI psychiatric status indexa | .23 (.22) | .16 (.18) | .19 (.20) |
| BSI Global Severity Indexb | .40 (.41) | .49 (.63) | .44 (.52) |
| Self-efficacy score, M (SD) | 2.5 (0.52) | 2.7 (0.39) | 2.6 (0.03) |
Note: GED = general equivalency diploma; ASI = Addiction Severity Index Lite; BSI = Brief Symptom Inventory.
a
Prison/aftercare (n = 25), prison plus aftercare (n = 25).
b
Prison/aftercare (n = 83), prison plus aftercare (n = 40).