Figure 4.

Inhibition of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α production from CD4⁺ T cells by TGF‐β. PBMCs from normal cattle (IFN‐γ: n = 12, TNF‐α: n = 9) and BLV‐infected cattle (n = 11) were pretreated with TGF‐β for 2 h and were cultivated with IL‐2 alone (A and B) or synthesized peptides from the BLV envelop region (C and D). IFN‐γ‐ or TNF‐α‐producing CD4⁺ T cells were detected using flow cytometry.