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. 2016 Feb 26;6:22229. doi: 10.1038/srep22229

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

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The selected PFA-F30 (black) was cultured in a shaking flask to measure PFA expression and secretion. Meanwhile, the strain Vector-F30 (red) was used as a control. Transformants were cultured in fermentation medium for the indicated times (x axis), and PFA activity was determined using standard enzyme assays (y axis). (a) Extracellular PFA activity of the recombinant B. amyloliquefaciens clones; (b) Intracellular PFA activity of the recombinant B. amyloliquefaciens clones; (c) SDS-PAGE analysis of culture supernatants; (d) Growth kinetics of the recombinant B. amyloliquefaciens clones. M, standard protein marker; lanes 24–120, culture supernatants for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h, respectively. Samples of PFA-F30 (left); samples of Vector-F30 (right). Enzyme activity is expressed as the mean of three samples, and error bars indicate standard deviation (SD).