Table 3. Linear correlation between physiological and vortex ring parameters.

	End-diastolic vortex volume		End-diastolic VV%
	Controls	Patients	Controls	Patients
Body surface area	p = 0.034	p = 0.083	p = 0.33	p = 0.060
Age	p = 0.016	p = 0.30	p = 0.34	p = 0.64
Heart rate	p = 0.11	p = 0.24	p = 0.73	p = 0.074
End-diastolic volume	p < 0.0001 R2 = 0.83	p = 0.68	p = 0.78	p = 0.0068
Stroke volume	p < 0.0001 R2 = 0.76	p < 0.0001 R2 = 0.55	p = 0.75	p = 0.085
Ejection fraction	p = 0.70	p = 0.024	p = 0.90	p < 0.0001 R2 = 0.6
Peak filling rate	p = 0.0002 R2 = 0.65	p = 0.0003 R2 = 0.47	p = 0.82	p = 0.13
E-wave peak flow velocity	p = 0.17	p = 0.038	p = 0.66	p = 0.22

We applied Bonferroni correction to compensate for multiple analyses, and assigned significance at p < 0.0015625. R² values are given for significant correlations. VV%, vortex volume as percentage of LV volume.