Table 2. Comparison of bounds on total perturbation obtained using Eqs (13) and (14) suggests that Eq. (13) provides a good approximation and Eq. (14) serves as an upper bound of .

Formula	Mean
	9.79 × 10−3
(Eq. 13)	8.89 × 10−3
(Eq. 14)	8.61 × 10−2