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. 2016 Feb 26;6:22112. doi: 10.1038/srep22112

Table 1. Genes studied in this work and their link to cancer progression.

Gene Protein Functional classification Role in Cancer Types of Cancer
CCDC88A Gα-interacting vesicle-associated (GIV) protein (a.k.a. Girdin/HkRP1, APE). Cytoskeleton associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for trimeric G protein, Giα that modulates growth factor signaling. Prometastatic (increases invasion, imparts chemoresistance, stem-ness, angiogenesis, survival). See Table S1. Glioma, Esophagus, Gastric, Lung, Liver, Breast, Colon and Prostate.
CCDC88C Dvl-associating protein with a high frequency of leucine residues (Daple) Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for trimeric G protein, Giα that enhances non-canonical Wnt signaling. Tumor suppressor in the normal epithelium; Proinvasive role in cancer cells. See Table S1. Colon, Gastric
NUCB1 Nucleobindin1/Calnuc EF-hand containing calcium binding protein and a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for trimeric G protein, Giα that is required for unfolded protein response. The role of its GEF function remains unknown. Possible role in survival via regulation of UPR. See Table S1 Colon, Gastric
NUCB2 Nucleobindin2/Nesfatin-1/NEFA   Increases migration, proliferation and invasion. See Table S1. Gastric, Prostate, Breast
MACC1 Metastasis Associated In Colon Cancer 117 SH3 domain-containing protein that regulates HGF/c-Met pathway17 Increases migration, invasion, proliferation, survival and angiogenesis 53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64 Glioma, Esophagus, Lung Gastric, Liver, Breast, Colon Prostate, Klatskin, Salivary gland, Nasopharygeal and oral (tongue), Ovary, Cervix
S100A4 S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4 (a.k.a Calcium Protein, Calvasculin, Metastasin, Murine Placental Homolog) EF-hand containing calcium binding protein that is member of the S100 calcium-binding protein family secreted by tumor and stromal cells Supports tumorigenesis by stimulating angiogenesis. Colon, Bladder, Lung, Breast, Prostate, Thyroid, Esophageal, Gallbladder, Gastric.