NBCn1 expression in cancer cells. Micrographs of normal human breast (A) and breast cancer (B) immunostained (brown) for NBCn1. (C) Average (with SEM, n = 5) membrane density of NBCn1 immunostaining in normal breast, primary breast carcinomas, and metastases as indicated. (D) Na+-dependent ethylispropylamilroide (EIPA) insensitive recovery of intracellular pH in a biopsy of human breast cancer following washout of NH4Cl (vertical bars show SEM, n = 5). The recovery of intracellular pH was Na+ and HCO3− dependent and thus demonstrates a NCBT transport activity in breast cancer. The authors also showed that the NCBT activity was modestly DIDS-sensitive (34±9%), consistent with NBCn1 being responsible. Scale bars = 20 μm. Adapted, with permission, from (32).