(A) Scheme of the combinatorial design of the Au-NP library. 105 surface-modified NP were prepared by grafting Au-NPs of 15, 30, and 60 nm diameter with 67 surface ligands of different nature: neutral (green), cationic (blue), or anionic (red). (B) Total adsorbed serum protein density, and (C) net cell association (log2-transformed) for each formulation in the library. Adapted with permission from Walkey et al., ACS Nano, 2014, 8, 2439–2455. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society.79