Table 5.
CHIP-CE child scores by study group
| Domain | Study groupa | Unadjusted mean score (SD) | Adjusted mean scoreb (SE) | 95 % confidence intervalc | MANCOVA | Effect size (δ) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F test | df | P value | ADHD vs Control | ADHD vs T1DM | ||||||
| Satisfaction | ADHD | 44.5 (11.1) | 45.1 (0.9) | 43.3, 47.0 | 0.5 | 2, 328 | NS | ADHD = Control = T1DM | NS | NS |
| T1DM | 43.7 (10.3) | 44.8 (1.9) | 41.0, 48.5 | |||||||
| Control | 45.2 (12.0) | 43.4 (1.4) | 40.8, 46.1 | |||||||
| Comfort | ADHD | 53.5 (8.6) | 53.0 (0.7) | 51.7, 54.3 | 5.0 | 2, 328 | 0.008 | ADHD < Control, T1DM | 0.17 | 0.51 |
| T1DM | 57.1 (5.1) | 56.2 (1.4) | 53.5, 58.9 | |||||||
| Control | 54.9 (7.8) | 56.3 (1.0) | 54.4, 58.1 | |||||||
| Resilience | ADHD | 43.9 (10.8) | 44.3 (0.8) | 42.6, 45.9 | 2.3 | 2, 328 | NS | ADHD = Control = T1DM | NS | NS |
| T1DM | 47.2 (9.7) | 47.8 (1.7) | 44.3, 51.1 | |||||||
| Control | 47.4 (7.9) | 46.5 (1.2) | 44.1, 48.9 | |||||||
| Risk avoidance | ADHD | 39.8 (10.7) | 40.4 (0.8) | 38.9, 41.9 | 30.1 | 2, 328 | <0.001 | ADHD < Control, T1DM | 1.47 | 0.76 |
| T1DM | 47.4 (9.3) | 47.9 (1.6) | 44.8, 51.0 | |||||||
| Control | 51.9 (5.7) | 50.4 (1.1) | 48.2, 52.6 | |||||||
| Achievement | ADHD | 39.4 (11.3) | 39.7 (0.9) | 38.0, 41.5 | 10.0 | 2, 328 | <0.001 | ADHD < Control, T1DM | 0.25 | 0.72 |
| T1DM | 46.7 (9.0) | 47.0 (1.8) | 43.5, 50.6 | |||||||
| Control | 42.2 (10.9) | 45.0 (1.3) | 42.5, 47.5 | |||||||
ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, CHIP-CE Child Health and Illness Profile–child edition, df degrees of freedom, MANCOVA multivariate analysis of covariance, NS not significant, SD standard deviation, SE standard error, T1DM type 1 diabetes mellitus
a n = 180 in ADHD group, n = 46 in T1DM group and n = 106 in control group
bAdjusted for age and socioeconomic status
cFor adjusted mean score