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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infant Behav Dev. 2016 Jan 22;42:128–141. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.12.003

Table 3.

A
Group differences in object sharing at crawler and walker visits.

Group Crawlers Walkers


Throws Gives Approaches Total Throws Gives Approaches Total
TD M(SD) & range 0.16(0.21) (0–0.64) 0.39(0.41) (0–1.23) 0.05(0.09) (0–0.3) 0.60(0.48) (0–1.54) 0.21(0.36) (0–1.39) 0.72(0.59) (0–1.77) 0.81(0.69) (0–2.6) 1.74(0.91) (0–3.77)
AR M(SD) & range 0.10(0.23) (0–0.90) 0.17(0.30) (0–0.89) 0.06(0.08) (0–0.27) 0.34(0.43) (0–1.33) 0.21(0.25) (0–0.82) 0.33(0.31) (0–1.17) 0.25(0.40) (0–1.5) 0.79(0.56) (0.11–2.3)
Significant group differences p = 0.03 p = 0.01 p < 0.001*
Effect sizes with confidence intervals 0.81 (0.09–1.53) 0.97 (0.24–1.70) 1.23 (0.47–1.98)
B
Group differences in object sharing in the spontaneous and social conditions of the task.

Group Spontaneous Social
TD M(SD) & range 0.51(0.70) (0–3.57) 2.63(2.57) (0–10.4)
AR M(SD) & range 0.21(0.25) (0–1.14) 1.07(1.17) (0–5)
Significant group differences p = 0.03* p < 0.001*
Effect sizes with Confidence intervals 0.56 (−0.15–1.26) 0.76 (0.04–1.48)
C
Group differences in step rates to different targets during object sharing task.

Group To objects To caregiver To elsewhere
TD M(SD) & range 5.21(4.22) (0–12.71) 6.05(4.00) (0–13.5) 5.87(5.67) (0–16.79)
AR M(SD) & range 1.82(3.43) (0–13.4) 1.45(1.80) (0–5.8) 8.22(7.41) (0.78–28.11)
Significant group differences p = 0.02* p < 0.001*
Effect sizes with confidence intervals 0.86 (0.14–1.58) 1.45 (0.67–2.22)
*

Significant difference.

Statistical trend.