Table 3.

Diabetes risk-associated SNPs near α- or β-cell-specific ATAC-seq peaks.

SNP	Associated genes	Location in gene	ATAC-seq peak cell type-specificity	Preferential mRNA expression	TF binding sites [19]
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
rs7732130a	TCF7L2	Intron	Endocrine cells	Same	NKX6.1, NKX2.2, FOXA2, MAFB
rs7732130a	ZBED3-AS1	Intron	Endocrine cells	β-cells	NKX2.2
rs1169288	HNF1A	5’ UTR	Endocrine cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
rs1800574	HNF1A	5′ UTR	Endocrine cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
rs5215	KCNJ11	5′ UTR	Endocrine cells	β-cells	FOXA2
rs17066842	MC4R	n/a (5′)	Endocrine cells	Same	NKX2.2
rs13266634	SLC30A8	Intron	Endocrine cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
rs11708067a	ADCY5	Intron	α-cells	Same	none
rs10811660a	CDKN2A-CDKN2B	n/a (5′)	α-cells	Same	MAFB, FOXA2
rs10757283	CDKN2A-CDKN2B	n/a (5′)	α-cells	Same	MAFB, FOXA2
rs2237895	KCNQ1	Intron	α-cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
rs74046911	KCNQ1	Intron	α-cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
rs458069	KCNQ1	Intron	α-cells	Same	NKX2.2, FOXA2
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
rs11755527	BACH2	Intron	Endocrine cells	Same	None
rs10517086	none	n/a	Endocrine cells	n/a	None

TF: transcription factor; UTR: untranslated region; n/a: not applicable.

^aLocated within ATAC-seq peak region. Other SNPs are located within 1,000 bp of ATAC-seq peak region and TF binding sites.