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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 29.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Transgend. 2015;16(1):49–61. doi: 10.1080/15532739.2015.1022680

Table 2.

Mean Comparisons between Two Attachment-Style Clusters in Transgender Identity Dimensions Among Transgender Adults Participants (n = 48)

Attachment styles
Insecure attachment (N=20) Secure attachment (N=28)
M SD M SD t df
Alienation 3.88 0.99 3.33 1.76 1.26 46
Passing 4.75 1.32 3.77 1.52 2.37* 46
Pride 3.97 1.46 4.64 1.35 1.61 46
Shame 3.43 1.46 2.53 1.22 2.24* 46
Positive Transgender Identity 3.98 0.93 4.75 0.98 −2.76** 46
*

p < .05

**

p < .01

Note. M = Means. SD = Standard Deviation.

The scores of all Transgender Identity Survey subscales range from 1 (Completely disagree) to 7 (Completely agree). Higher scores in Pride indicate a more positive transgender identity and lower levels of internalized transphobia; on the contrary, higher scores in Alienation, Passing and Shame indicate a negative transgender identity and higher levels of internalized transphobia.