Table 1.
Comparison of the patients at high-risk for reintubation in the 2 cohorts
| Control cohort N = 83 | NIV cohort N = 150 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients’ characteristics | |||
| Age, years | 66 ± 15 | 69 ± 11 | 0.05 |
| Age ≥ 65 years, n (%) | 54 (65 %) | 109 (73 %) | 0.23 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 49 (59 %) | 85 (57 %) | 0.73 |
| SAPS II at admission, points | 50 ± 19 | 49 ± 18 | 0.44 |
| Underlying cardiac disease, n (%) | 45 (54 %) | 90 (60 %) | 0.39 |
| Underlying chronic lung disease, n (%) | 31 (37 %) | 53 (35 %) | 0.76 |
| Reason for intubation | 0.81 | ||
| Acute respiratory failure, n (%) | 33 (39 %) | 64 (43 %) | |
| Shock, n (%) | 14 (17 %) | 29 (19 %) | |
| Coma or neurologic disorders, n (%) | 13 (16 %) | 25 (17 %) | |
| Postoperative, n (%) | 20 (24 %) | 26 (17 %) | |
| Cardiac arrest, n (%) | 3 (4 %) | 6 (4 %) | |
| Variables at time of extubation | |||
| SOFA at time of extubation, points | 3.4 ± 2.2 | 3.6 ± 2.3 | 0.56 |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mm Hg | 283 ± 95 | 296 ± 92 | 0.30 |
| pH, units | 7.46 ± 0.06 | 7.45 ± 0.05 | 0.73 |
| PaCO2, mm Hg | 41 ± 10 | 39 ± 8 | 0.15 |
| PaCO2 > 45 mm Hg, n (%) | 24 (29 %) | 27 (18 %) | 0.06 |
| Duration of MV prior to extubation, days | 8.0 [5.0–13.8] | 6.0 [4.0–11.8] | 0.24 |
| Outcome | |||
| Reintubation < 48 h, n (%) | 18 (22 %) | 16 (11 %) | 0.03 |
| Reintubation < 72 h, n (%) | 20 (24 %) | 19 (13 %) | 0.02 |
| Reintubation < 7 days, n (%) | 23 (28 %) | 23 (15 %) | 0.02 |
| Reintubation at any time in ICU, n (%) | 24 (29 %) | 24 (16 %) | 0.02 |
| Total duration of invasive MV, days | 9.0 [5.0–16.0] | 7.0 [4.0–13.8] | 0.07 |
| ICU length of stay, days | 14 [11.0–22.0] | 12.0 [7.0–20.0] | 0.18 |
| In-ICU mortality, n (%) | 12 (14 %) | 16 (11 %) | 0.39 |
Values are given as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or as median [interquartile range, from 25th to 75th percentiles]
NIV noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, MV mechanical ventilation, ICU intensive care unit