Table 3.

Beta-coefficients, standard errors, and exact p-values derived from mixed effects longitudinal models examining the association between treatment track and change in caregivers’ overall ratings of the appearance of their children with clefts.

	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
	B	SE	P	B	SE	P	B	SE	P
NO NAM Treatment	Reference			Reference			Reference
NAM Treatment	-0.026	0.112	0.819	−0.018	0.111	0.872	−0.080	0.115	0.484
Child's Age	−0.424	0.106	<0.001	−0.421	0.106	<0.001	−0.440	0.106	<0.001
Traditional Treatment	Reference			Reference			Reference
NAM Treatment x Child's Age	−0.375	0.129	0.004	−0.377	0.129	0.003	−0.364	0.128	0.005
Caregiver Age				0.007	0.005	0.208	0.008	0.005	0.121
Female Caregiver				Reference			Reference
Male Caregiver				0.093	0.109	0.393	0.054	0.110	0.625
Unilateral Cleft							Reference
Bilateral Cleft							0.125	0.079	0.117
Cleft Lip Only							Reference
Cleft Lip/Palate							0.133	0.082	0.105
Constant	1.844	0.152		1.630	0.217		1.508	0.223
Pseudo−R2		0.11	0.031		0.11	<0.001		0.11	<0.001
Change in R2					0.00	0.844		0.00	0.761

Note: Models examining the association between covariates and change in cleft severity over time yield similar results.