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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Educ J. 2015 Jun 15;74(4):424–441. doi: 10.1177/0017896914542666

Table 1.

Study participant characteristics

Control Intervention
Mother's characteristics N M SD N M SD p
Week of Pregnancy at Enrollment 109 29.2 2.4 111 29.7 2.5 0.12
    Household Size (range 1-13) 109 4.3 1.8 111 4.2 1.7 0.60
Age 109 27.1 6.3 111 27.8 5.8 0.38
    Number of Hours Work Per Week 40 24.7 11.4 42 28.4 11.9 0.16
Annual Household Income 58 $18,335 $9,991 64 $20,098 $8,273 0.29
    Number of Children 75 1.8 1.0 79 1.7 1.0 0.75
Acculturation 109 2.1 1.4 111 2.0 1.3 0.49
N % N % p
Enrolled in WIC No 105 96.3% 104 93.7% 0.28
Yes 4 3.7% 7 6.3%
Assigned a WIC Breastfeeding peer counselor No 3 2.8% 2 1.8% 0.49
Yes 103 97.2% 107 98.2%
Marital Status Single 47 43.1% 49 44.1% 0.49
Married 61 56.0% 58 52.3%
Divorced 0 0.0% 2 1.8%
Separated 1 0.9% 2 1.8%
Education Some grade school 4 3.7% 7 6.3% 0.44
Completed grade school 17 15.6% 27 24.3%
Some HS 27 24.8% 26 23.4%
Completed HS 41 37.6% 31 27.9%
Some college 9 8.3% 11 9.9%
Completed College 10 9.2% 8 7.2%
Some graduate school 0 1 0.9%
Completed graduate degree 1 0.9% 0
Vocational Training No 74 88.1% 77 91.7% 0.72
Yes 9 10.7% 6 7.1%
Some 1 1.2% 1 1.2%
Number of other children 0 2 2.7% 1 1.3% 0.81
1 34 45.3% 40 50.6%
2 25 33.3% 26 32.9%
3 9 12.0% 7 8.9%
4 4 5.3% 4 5.1%
5 1 1.3% 0
6 0 1 1.3%
Breastfed prior No 20 22.5% 12 13.8% 0.10
Yes 69 77.5% 75 86.2%
N M SD N M SD p
Intent to breastfeed at baseline Average 109 3.8 1.5 111 4.3 1.2 0.02
Birth data N % N % p
Full Term Baby No 5 5.6% 7 8.1% 0.35
Yes 85 94.4% 79 91.9%
Birth defects No 88 98.9% 86 100.0% 0.51
Yes 1 1.1% 0 0.0%
NICU No 78 87.6% 79 91.9% 0.25
Yes 11 12.4% 7 8.1%
Breastfed at hospital No 1 1.3% 1 1.3% 0.74
Yes 79 98.8% 76 98.7%
Prenatal health education class No 27 36.0% 18 25.4% 0.11
Yes 48 64.0% 53 74.6%
Entire class on breastfeeding No 8 11.3% 6 11.3% 0.31
Yes 40 88.7% 47 88.7%