FIG 3.

Histochemical staining and level of reactive oxygen species in Atractylodes lancea inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens ALEB7B. (A) Histochemical staining of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide anions in plant leaves and roots after 10 days. (B to E) Level of H₂O₂, singlet oxygen, superoxide anions, and hydroxyl radicals in A. lancea over time. Results are means from three biological replicates. Error bars indicate standard deviations. *, significant differences at P < 0.05; **, significant differences at P < 0.01. CK, control; BAC, P. fluorescens ALEB7B.