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Biofilm formation by the 4496ΔΦ and 4496ΔPPI1 mutants relative to the 4496 strain. Biofilm formation on fixed A549 cells was determined after 6 h of incubation, as described in Materials and Methods. Data are expressed as means (± SEM) of percentages of that for wild type 4496. Statistical differences were analyzed by two-tailed unpaired t tests (****, P < 0.0001).
