Table 3. Summary of the calculated effect sizes based on the standardized difference in means and assessment of study heterogeneity.
| Hedges' g effect size | 95% confidence intervals | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of studies | Point estimate | Lower limit | Upper limit | p Value | Q value | I 2 | |
| VBH | 5.000 | −0.107 | −0.832 | 0.618 | 0.773 | 3.767 | 0 |
| Kyphosis angle | 6.000 | 0.335 | −0.376 | 1.045 | 0.356 | 5.242 | 4.616 |
| VAS | 5.000 | −0.142 | −1.325 | 1.041 | 0.814 | 4.781 | 16.337 |
| Blood loss | 6.000 | −1.673 | −2.175 | −1.171 | <0.0001 | 5.695 | 12.206 |
| Operative time | 6.000 | −0.782 | −1.383 | −0.181 | 0.011 | 5.554 | 9.975 |
Abbreviations: VAS, visual analog scale; VBH, vertebral body height.