. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 29.

Published in final edited form as: J Autism Dev Disord. 2013 Apr;43(4):924–931. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1637-2

Table 3.

Change in utilization and expenditures by service type and age groups

Service type	Utilization (relative risk)				Expenditures among users (% change)
Service type	Each 1-year age increase	7–11	12–16	17–20	Each 1-year age increase	7–11	12–16	17–20
Inpatient care	1.00	0.91	0.94	0.97	1.5	19.9^*	23.3	22.4
Long term care	1.10	2.98^*	4.30^*	5.44^*	4.4	40.5^*	48.0	75.2^*
Psychotropic medications	1.05	1.59^*	1.80^*	1.95^*	8.8	75.4^*	109.6^*	126.2^*
Outpatient care	NA	NA	NA	NA	−0.1	−1.8	2.1^*	−3.8^*
Occupational/physical therapy	0.91	0.65^*	0.45^*	0.28^*	−3.7	17.3^*	−28.8	−55.9^*
Speech therapy	0.92	0.75^*	0.49^*	0.30^*	−4.6	16.5^*	−42.7^*	−55.1^*
Mental health/social skills/behavior modification	0.98	1.01	0.86^*	0.77^*	0.9	−4.5	7.2^*	6.5
Diagnostic/assessment	0.98	0.80^*	0.74^*	0.74	−4.2	−10.2^*	−13.3^*	−13.27
Case management	1.02	1.10^*	1.19^*	1.23	0.8	4.0	9.3^*	10
Medication management	1.06	1.79^*	2.19^*	2.56^*	0.2	12.7^*	12.4	9.7
Personal care/home health aide	1.01	1.19^*	1.24^*	1.14^*	2.2	28.4^*	33.3	31.1
Day/partial treatment	1.04	1.70^*	2.02^*	1.97	0.0	2.2	5.8	3.2
Family therapy	0.97	0.94	0.88^*	0.60^*	−0.9	−14.9^*	−8.1	−19.5
Respite care	1.03	1.70^*	1.91^*	1.57^*	3.9	10.7	23.6^*	52.3^*
Total	NA	NA	NA	NA	4.7	23.3^*	46.3^*	60.5^*

Reference group is 3–6 year olds

Figures in bold represent estimates significant at the 5 % level

Significantly different value from the preceding age group