Table 1.

Description of included studies.

Author(s), year	Total N	Sample typea	Sample populationb	Length of follow-up (in months)	Anxiety predictor(s)	Suicide-related outcome(s)
Allgulander et al. (1992)	80,790 Swedish discharged inpatients	Clinical	Adolescent and adult	168	Anxiety neurosisc	Death
Alonso et al. (2010)	218 Spanish psychiatric patients	Clinical	Adult	120	OCD duration and symptoms	Attempt
Angst & Calyton (1998)	62 deceased Swiss males from general community	General	Adult	204	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Bakken & Vaglum (2006)	160 Norwegian patients with substance abuse	Clinical	Adult	72	AG, GAD, OCD, PTSD, SOC, SOM, SPEC	Attempt
Beautrais (2004)	302 New Zealand patients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adolescent and adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt, death
Berglund (1984)	1,312 Swedish inpatients with alcohol abuse	Clinical	Adult	384	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Berglund & Nilsson (1987) (a)	700 Swedish female inpatients with mood disorder	Clinical	Adult	324	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Berglund & Nilsson (1987) (b)	500 Swedish male inpatients with mood disorder	Clinical	Adult	324	Anxiety symptoms	Death
Blumenthal et al. (1989)	36 German psychiatric patients	Clinical	Adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Bolton et al. (2010)	5,972 general community	General	Adult	36	Any anxiety diagnosis, GAD, PD, PTSD, SOC, SPEC	Attempt
Borg & Ståhl (1982)	68 Swedish psychiatric patients	General	Adult	24	Anxiety symptoms, OCD symptoms	Death
Borges et al. (2008)	5,001 general community	General, History of SITBs	Adolescent and adult	120	Any anxiety diagnosis, AG, GAD, PD, PTSD, SOC, SPEC	Ideation, gesture, plan, attempt
Brådvik et al. (2010)	85 Swedish general community	General	Adolescent and adult	708	ADJ, ANX-NOS, OCD, PDA, SOC, SOM	Death
Breslau et al. (2012)	1,186 general community	General	Adult	24	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Britton, et al. (2012)	381 veteran suicide descendents	History of SITBs	Adult	1	Anxiety symptoms	Death
Brown et al. (2000)	6,891 psychiatric outpatients	Clinical	Adult	288	Anxiety symptoms, PD	Death
Bryan et al. (2014)	176 veteran outpatients	History of SITBs	Adult	14	PTSD symptoms	Attempt
Cedereke & Öjehagen (2015)	178 Swedish psychiatric patients	Clinical	Adult	11	ADJ	Attempt
Chan et al. (2014)	66 inpatients with depression	Clinical	Adult	12	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Clarke et al. (2010)	1,292 general community	General	Adult	276	Any anxiety diagnosis	Ideation
Conner et al. (2012)	309,861 United States Air Force members	General	Adult	72	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Cougle et al. (2009)	2,551 females in general community	General	Adult	12	PTSD	Ideation
Courtet et al. (2003)	76 West European patients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	12	AG, GAD, PD, SOC	Attempt
Cullberg et al. (1988)	163 Swedish general community with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	120	ADJd	Death
Darke et al. (2005)	495 Australian patients with substance use disorder	Clinical	Adult	12	PTSD	Attempt
Dennehy et al. (2011)	4,360 patients with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adult	16	Any anxiety diagnosis, PD	Attempt, death
Desai et al. (2005)	121,933 Dept. of Veterans Affairs psychiatric patients	Clinical	Adult	48	PTSD	Death
Fawcett et al. (1990)	954 inpatients with mood disorder	Clinical	Adult	120	Anxiety symptoms, OCD symptoms	Attempt
Flensborg-Madsen et al. (2009)	18,146 general Danish community	General	Adult	312	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Fridell et al. (1996)	42 Swedish inpatients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis, ADJ	Attempt
Gallagher et al. (2014)	144 inpatients	Clinical	Adolescent	18	Social anxiety symptoms	Ideation
Goldstein et al. (2011)	413 patients with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adolescent	60	Any anxiety diagnosis, PD	Attempt
Goldston et al. (2009)	180 inpatients	Clinical	Adolescent	168	GAD, PD, SPEC	Attempt
Hayashi et al. (2012)	106 Japanese inpatients with prior self-injury	History of SITBs	Adult	24	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Holma et al. (2010)	249 Finnish patients with MDD	Clinical	Adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis, anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Hung et al. (2015)	102,454 general elderly Chinese community	General	Adult	60	Anxiety symptoms	Death
Keane et al. (1996)	134 American Indian high school students	General	Adolescent	6	Anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Keilp et al. (2008)	26 patients with MDD and prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	24	PTSD	Attempt
Kovacs et al. (1993)	183 inpatients	Clinical	Adolescent	144	ADJ	Ideation, attempt
Laan et al. (2011)	129,781 general Dutch community	General	Adolescent and adult	120	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Leadholm et al. (2013)	34,671 patients with depression	Clinical	Adult	204	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Lewinsohn et al. (2001) (a)	539 Danish females in general community	General	Adolescent	144	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Lewinsohn et al. (2001) (b)	402 Danish males in general community	General	Adolescent	144	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Links et al. (2013)	180 Canadian patients with BPD	Clinical	Adult	24	PTSD	Attempt
May et al. (2012)	49 psychiatric patients with suicide ideation	History of SITBs	Adult	120	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Monnin et al. (2011)	273 French psychiatric patients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	24	PTSD	Attempt
Nimeus et al. (2000)	191 Swedish psychiatric patients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	12	ADJ	Death
Nordström et al. (1996)	54 Swedish inpatients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	72	Anxiety symptoms	Death
Preuss et al. (2003)	1,237 general community with alcohol abuse or family member with alcohol abuse	Clinical	Adult	60	PD	Attempt
Rao et al. (1993)	281 patients with depression and/or anxiety, or controls	Clinical	Adolescent	156	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Reinherz et al. (1995) (a)	193 females in general community	General	Adolescent	168	PTSD, SOC, SPEC, anxiety symptoms	Ideation
Reinherz et al. (1995) (b)	185 males in general community	General	Adolescent	168	PTSD, SOC, SPEC, anxiety symptoms	Ideation
Ribeiro et al. (2012)	239 psychiatric outpatients with suicidality	History of SITBs	Adult	1	PTSD, anxiety symptoms	Ideation, attempt
Riihimaki et al. (2013)	134 Finnish patients with mood disorder	Clinical	Adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis, GAD, PD, SOC, SOM, anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Sanchez-Gistau et al. (2013)	82 Spanish patients with first-episode psychosis	Clinical	Adolescent	24	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Sani et al. (2011)	4,441 Italian psychiatric patients	Clinical	Adult	420	GAD, OCD, PD	Death
Schneider et al. (2001)	278 German patients with MDD	Clinical	Adult	60	Any anxiety diagnosis, PD, anxiety symptoms	Death
Sokero et al. (2005)	198 Finnish patients with MDD	Clinical	Adult	18	Any anxiety diagnosis AG, GAD, OCD, PD, PTSD, SOC, SPEC, anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Tidemalm et al. (2014) (a)	3,678 Swedish females with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adult	84	Any anxiety disorder	Attempt
Tidemalm et al. (2014) (b)	2,408 Swedish males with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adult	84	Any anxiety disorder	Attempt
Tejedor et al. (1999)	150 Spanish patients with prior attempt	History of SITBs	Adult	120	Any anxiety diagnosis, ADJ, anxiety symptoms	Attempt, death
Tuiksu et al. (2014)	137 Finnish patients with mood disorder	Clinical	Adolescent	84	Anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Valtonen et al. (2006)	160 Finnish patients with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adult	18	Any anxiety diagnosis, anxiety symptoms	Attempt
Valtonen et al. (2008)	176 Finnish patients with bipolar disorder	Clinical	Adult	18	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt
Wedig et al. (2012)	231 patients with BPD	Clinical	Adult	192	PTSD	Attempt
Wenzel et al. (2011)	297 inpatients with suicidality	History of SITBs	Adult	360	Any anxiety diagnosis	Death
Wolk, Weissman (1996)	226 patients with depression and/or anxiety, or controls	General	Adolescent	204	Any anxiety diagnosis	Attempt, death
Yaseen et al. (2012)	2,864 patients with past year major depressive episode	Clinical	Adult	36	GAD, SOC, SPEC, panic attack	Ideation, attempt
Yen et al. (2003)	578 patients with personality disorder	Clinical	Adult	24	PD, PTSD	Attempt

Note. ADJ=adjustment disorder;AG=agoraphobia; ANX-NOS=anxiety disorder not otherwise specified; GAD=generalized anxiety disorder; OCD=obsessive–compulsive disorder; PD=panic disorder; PDA=panic disorder with agoraphobia; PTSD=posttraumatic stress disorder; SOC=social anxiety disorder; SPEC=specific phobia; SOM=somatic symptom disorder.

^aGeneral=general community; Clinical=outpatient or inpatient sample; History of SITBs=history of suicidal or nonsuicidal self-injurious thoughts and/or behaviors.

^bRefers to age of sample at baseline.

^cAlthough no explicit definition was provided by study authors, anxiety neuroses were distinguished from other related disorder categories (e.g., affective disorders, substance use disorders).

^dDefined by study authors as acute crisis reaction.