Table 2. Baseline characteristics of subjects by municipality population size (Japanese men and women aged 30 years and older in 1980, NIPPON DATA80).
| Municipality population size | |||
| Large | Medium | Small | |
| Men | |||
| Number of subjects | 1,082 | 1,570 | 1,428 |
| Age (y) | 49.0 (12.6) | 49.5 (12.9) | 52.1 (13.6) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.8 (3.0) | 22.5 (2.9) | 22.3 (2.7) |
| Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 191.1 (32.5) | 186.9 (32.9) | 181.5 (32.2) |
| Diabetes (%) | 7.1 | 6.1 | 7.7 |
| Hypertension (%) | 47.0 | 49.2 | 52.9 |
| Current smoking (%) | 60.4 | 65.7 | 62.7 |
| Daily alcohol drinking (%) | 48.0 | 47.1 | 49.5 |
| Women | |||
| Number of subjects | 1,459 | 1,992 | 1,778 |
| Age (y) | 48.8 (12.8) | 50.2 (13.1) | 53 (13.6) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.7 (3.3) | 22.8 (3.5) | 23 (3.3) |
| Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 193.2 (34.5) | 191.1 (34.2) | 188.5 (33.5) |
| Diabetes (%) | 3.8 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
| Hypertension (%) | 37.6 | 40.8 | 44.7 |
| Current smoking (%) | 11.7 | 9.4 | 5.7 |
| Daily alcohol drinking (%) | 4.2 | 2.7 | 1.9 |
Municipality population size: large (≥300,000), medium (30,000-300,000), and small (<30,000)
Diabetes was defined as a serum glucose level ≥ 11.1 mmol/l, history of diabetes, or both
Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or antihypertensive drug use