Table 1.
Secondary metabolites of Penicillium and Talaromyces strains of marine origin. List is based on the chronological order of isolation of the producing strains.
| Species Name 1 | Strain No. | Source of Isolation 2 | Location | Products 3 | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
P. fellutanum (P. dierckxii) |
- | F Apogon endekataenia | Manazaru (Japan) | Fellutamide A–B | [28] |
|
Penicillium sp. (P. marinum) |
OUPS-79 | G Ulva (Enteromorpha) intestinalis | Tanabe Bay (Japan) |
Communesin A–B, Penochalasin A–H, Penostatin A–I, Chaetoglobosin A,F,O, Patulin, Epiepoxydon |
[29,30,31,32,33,34] |
| P. citrinum | - | S unidentified sponge | Suruga Bay (Japan) | Cathestatin A–B, Estatin A–B | [35] |
| Penicillium sp. | BM1689-P | sediment | Uchiura Bay (Japan) | Epolactaene | [36] |
| Penicillium sp. | BM923 | sediment | Miho (Japan) | Acetophthalidin, 3,4,6-Trihydroxymellein | [37] |
| Penicillium sp. | - | intertidal sediment | San Antonio Oeste (Argentina) | Cyclo(l-prolyl-l-tyrosyl) | [38] |
| Penicillium sp. | NI15501 | sediment (depth 14 m) | Tomari (Japan) | NI15501A | [39] |
| P. waksmanii | OUPS-N133 | B Sargassum ringgoldianum | Japan | Pyrenocine A–B,D–E, Cis-bis(methylthio)silvatin | [40] |
| P. citrinum | many strains | several sources | Mochima Bay and Paria Bay (Venezuela) | Citrinin, Tanzawaic acid A | [41,42] |
| P. steckii | M23B-7 = IBT20952 and 12 more strains | T unidentified tunicate, and other sources (molluscs, fish, sponges) | Mochima Bay and Paria Bay (Venezuela) | Tanzawaic acid E–F, 3,7-Dimethyl-8-hydroxy-6-methoxyisochroman, 3,7-Dimethyl-1,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxyisochroman | [41,42] |
| Penicillium sp. | #CNC-350 | G Avrainvillea longicaulis | Sweetings Cay (Bahamas) | Verticillin A, 11′-Deoxyverticillin A, 11,11′-Dideoxyverticillin A, Bisdethio-bis(methylthio)-dioxopiperazine | [43] |
| Penicillium sp. | K029 | M Mytilus coruscus | Seragaki (Japan) | Coruscol A, Herquline A | [44] |
| Penicillium sp. | K036 | M M. coruscus | Seragaki (Japan) | Sculezonone A–B | [45] |
| Penicillium sp. | #386 | sand | South China Sea | Penicillazine (Trichodermamide A) | [46] |
| P. cf. montanense | HBI-3/D | S Xestospongia exigua | Mangangan Island (Indonesia) | Xestodecalactone A–C | [47] |
| P. citrinum | 991084 | S Axinella sp. | Papua New Guinea | Isocyclocitrinol A, 22-Acetylisocyclocitrinol A | [48] |
| P. brocae | F97S76 | S Zyzzya sp. | Fiji | Brocaenol A–C | [49] |
|
Penicillium sp. (P. dravuni) |
F01V25 | G Dictyosphaeria versluyii | Dravuni (Fiji) | Dictyosphaeric acid A–B, Carviolin | [50] |
|
Penicillium sp. (P. marinum) |
E-00-12/3 | S Axinella verrucosa | Elba Island (Italy) | Communesin B,C–D, Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Oxaline | [51] |
| P. cf. brevicompactum | E-00-2/6a | S Petrosia ficiformis | Elba Island (Italy) | Petrosifungin A–B, Brevianamide A, Asperphenamate, Mycophenolic acid | [52] |
| Penicillium sp. | a004181, b004181 | sediment (depth 4380 ft) | Matuka (Fiji) | Anserinone A–B, Formylanserinone B, Epoxyserinone A–B, Deoxyanserinone B, Hydroxymethylanserinone B | [53] |
| P. waksmanii (Penicillium sp.) | LCP99.43.43 = MMS351 | water | La Prée (France) | Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Orcinol, Penicillic acid, Agroclavine, Festuclavine, Nortryptoquivaline, Ligerin | [54,55,56] |
| P. citrinum | N059 | R Actinotrichia fragilis | Okinawa (Japan) | Citrinin, Citrinadin A–B | [57,58] |
| P. citrinum | N055 | F Scarus ovifrons | Okinawa (Japan) | Perinadine A, Scalusamide A–C | [59,60] |
| P. janczewskii | H-TW5/869 | water | Helgoland Island (Germany) | 3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone, Peniprequinolone, 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy-4-(4′-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone | [61] |
| P. chrysogenum | DSM16137 = E01-10/3 | S Ircinia fasciculata | Elba Island (Italy) | Sorbicillactone A–B, Sorbivinetone, Sorbivinetol, Sorbifuranone A–C, Bisvertinolone, Sorbicillin, Oxosorbicillinol, Meleagrin, Roquefortine C–D | [62,63] |
|
P. terrestre (P. crustosum) |
M204077 | sediment | Jiaozhou Bay (China) | Sorbicillin, Dihydrobisvertinolone, Tetrahydrobisvertinolone, Trichodimerol, Dihydrotrichodimerol, Tetrahydrotrichodimerol, Sorbiterrin A, Penicillone A–B, Chloctanspirone A–B, Terrestrol A–H,K–L, 2-(2′-3′-Dihydrosorbyl)-3,6-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 3-Acetonyl-2,6-dimethyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone | [64,65,66,67,68,69] |
| P. janthinellum | - | C Dendronephyta sp. | Hainan (China) | Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Janthinolide A–B, Deoxymycelianamide | [70] |
| P. brevicompactum | Cl-2002 | S Cliona sp. | Quintay (Chile) | Mycophenolic acid, Mycophenolic acid methyl ester, Tyrosol | [71] |
|
P. rugulosum (T. rugulosus) |
KF021 | S Chondrosia reniformis | Elba Island (Italy) | Prugosene A1,A2,B1,B2,B3,C1,C2 | [72] |
| Penicillium sp. | - | B Sargassum tortile | Toyama Bay (Japan) | 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxyacetanilide, 4-Methoxyphenylacetic acid, 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)phenol, 3-Methoxyphenol, 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid | [73] |
| P. janthinellum | - | sediment (depth 11 m) | Amursky Bay (Sea of Japan) | Shearinine A,D–F | [74] |
| P. bilaiae | MST-MF667 | boat ramp | Port Huon (Tasmania, Australia) | Cyclo(l-prolyl-l-tyrosyl), Cyclo(l-phenalanyl-l-prolyl), Cyclo(l-prolyl-l-valyl), Cis-bis(methylthio)silvatin, Bilain A–C, Pistillarin, Citromycin, 2,3-Dihydrocitromycin, Citromycetin, 2,3-Dihydrocitromycetin | [75] |
| Penicillium sp. | MFA446 | G Ulva pertusa | Bijin Island (Korea) | Citrinin, Citrinin H2, Redoxcitrinin, Phenol A, Phenol A acid, 4-Hydroxymellein | [76] |
| P. aurantiogriseum | SP0-19 | S Mycale plumose | Jiaozhou Bay (China) | Aurantiomide A–C, Anacin | [77] |
|
P. stoloniferum (P. brevicompactum) |
QY2-10 | T unidentified ascidian | Jiaozhou Bay (China) | Stoloniferol A–B | [78] |
|
P. flavidorsum (P. glabrum) |
SHK1-27 | sediment | Weizhou Island (China) | Averufin, 8-O-Methylaverufin, 6,8-O-Dimethylaverufin, Averantin, Nidurufin, Versicolorin A–B, Versiconol | [79] |
|
P. minioluteum (T. minioluteus) |
03HE3-1 | mud | Heita Bay (Japan) | Miniolutelide A–B, 22-Epoxyberkeleydione | [80] |
| Penicillium sp. | BL27-2 | mud | Bering Sea | 3-Acetyl-13-deoxyphomenone, 8α-Hydroxy-13-deoxyphomenone, Sporogen-AO1, 3-Acetyl-9,7(11)-dien-7α-hydroxy-8-oxoeremophilane, 6-Dehydropetasol, 7-Hydroxypetasol | [81] |
| Penicillium sp. | SS080624SCf1 | T Didemnum molle | Ishigaki Island (Japan) | Phomenone, Sporogen-AO1, JBIR-27, JBIR-28 | [82] |
| Penicillium sp. (Talaromyces sp.) | AF1-2 | salt pan | Australia | 3-O-Methylfunicone | [83] |
| Penicillium sp. | CANU MCPT14-1-5 | B Xiphophora gladiata | Otago (New Zealand) | PF1140, Deoxy-PF1140, Deoxyakanthomycin | [84] |
| Penicillium sp. | i-1-1 | G Blidingia minima | Yantai (China) | Citrinin, Citrinal A, 2,3,4-Trimethyl-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran | [85] |
| Penicillium sp. | EG-51 | G Ulva sp. | Suez Canal (Egypt) | Chromanone A | [86] |
| Penicillium sp. | F1 | sediment (depth 5080 m) | Pacific Ocean | Brevicompanine B,D–H, Fructigenine B | [87] |
| Penicillium sp. | F23-2 | sediment (depth 5080 m) | Pacific Ocean | Meleagrin B–E, Roquefortines F–I, Conidiogenone B–G, Sorbicillamine A–E, Bisvertinolone, Rezishanone C, Penicyclone A–E | [88,89,90,91] |
| Penicillium sp. | 3A00005 | sediment (depth 5115 m) | East Pacific Ocean | Brevione A–B,F–K, Sterolic acid | [92,93] |
| P. expansum | MMS42 | sediment | Le Croisic (France) | Communesin A–B, D–F, Com470, Com512, Com522, Com524, Com570, Com622, Com 644, Patulin, Chaetoglobosin 528, Chaetoglobosin 530, Citrinin, Roquefortine C–D, Expansolide A–B, Aurantioclavine, Verruculotoxin | [54,94] |
| Penicillium sp. | PSU-F44 | C Annella sp. | Similan Islands (Thailand) | Penicipyrone, Penicilactone, Brefeldin A,C, Oxobrefeldin A | [95] |
| Penicillium sp. | PSU-F40 | C Annella sp. | Similan Islands (Thailand) | Penicipyrone, Penicipyranone, Penicisochroman A–E, Penicisoquinoline, Peniciphenol, TMC-120B, TMC-120C, 2-(2-Methoxybenzoyl)pyrrole, 1-(2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylphenyl)-3-methyl-1-butanone, Nicotinic acid | [96] |
| Penicillium sp. | M207142 | sediment | China | (2E,4E)-1-(2,6-Dihydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)hexa-2,4-dien-1-one, Penicillone A, 2′,3′-Dihydrosorbicillin | [97] |
| P. chrysogenum | R03-8/4 = LF066 | S Tethya aurantium | Limsky Canal (Croatia) | Meleagrin, Roquefortine C–D, Sorbifuranone B–C, Bisvertinolone, 2′,3′-Dihydrosorbicillin, Xanthocillins, Cillifuranone | [63,98] |
| P. citrinum | SpI080624G1f01 | S unidentified Demospongia | Ishigaki Island (Japan) | Redoxcitrinin, Sclerotinin A–B, Bisorbibutenolide, Bisvertinolone, Trichodimerol, JBIR-59, JBIR-124 | [99,100] |
| P. oxalicum | F30 = CBMAI1185 | G Caulerpa sp. | Sao Paulo State (Brazil) | Meleagrin, Oxaline | [101] |
| P. citrinum | F53 = CBMAI1186 | G Caulerpa sp. | Sao Paulo State (Brazil) | Citrinin, Citrinalin A–B, (E)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2-methyldec-8-ene-1,3-dione, 1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2-methyldecane-1,3-dione | [101] |
| P. griseofulvum | - | sediment (depth 2481 m) | Pacific Ocean | Echinulin, Preechinulin, Didehydroechinulin, Isoechinulin B, Neoechinulins A–B, Tardioxopiperazine A, Variecolorin H,M–O | [102] |
| P. aurantiogriseum | MF361 | mud | Bohai Sea (China) | Verrucosidin, Norverrrucosidin, Verrucosidinol, Verrucosidinol acetate, Terrestric acid, Aurantiomide C, Auranthine, Auranomide A–C | [103,104] |
| P. chrysogenum | MFB574-2 | R Hypnea species complex | Yokgee Island (Korea) | 4,6,4′,6′-Tetrabromo-3,3′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethyldiphenyl ether, 4,6,2′,4′,6′-Pentabromo-3,3′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethyldiphenyl ether, 3,3′-Dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethyldiphenyl ether, Violacerol I–II | [105] |
| Penicillium sp. | CNL-338 | R Laurencia sp. | Bahamas | Penilumamide, Aspochalasin D–E | [106] |
| P. chrysogenum | QEN-24S | R Laurencia sp. | Weizhou Island (China) | Penicitide A–B, Penicimonoterpene, Penicisteroid A–B, Conidiogenol, 2-(2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)-glycerol, Anicequol, 1-(2,4-Dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)-glycerol, Conidiogenone B–D,F,H–I | [107,108,109] |
| P. glabrum | - | P Zostera marina (stem) | Trinity Bay (Sea of Japan) | Sulochrin, 4-Methoxy-3-methylgoniothalamin | [110] |
| P. implicatum | - | P Z. marina (rhizome) | Trinity Bay (Sea of Japan) | Sulochrin, 4-Methoxy-3-methylgoniothalamin | [110] |
| P. citrinum | - | sediment | Langqi Island (China) | Citrinin, Decarboxydihydrocitrinone, Penicitrinol C–E, Dicitrinone B, Penicitrinine A | [111,112,113] |
| Penicillium sp. | JMF034 | sediment (depth 1151 m) | Suruga Bay (Japan) | Gliotoxin, Gliotoxin G, 5a,6-Didehydrogliotoxin, 6-Deoxy-5a,6-didehydrogliotoxin, Bis(dethio)-10a-methylthio-3a-deoxy-3,3a-didehydrogliotoxin, Bis(dethio)bis(methylthio)gliotoxin, Bis(dethio)bis-(methylthio)-5a,6-didehydrogliotoxin | [114] |
| P. brevicompactum | LF259 | S T. aurantium | Limsky Canal (Croatia) | Mycophenolic acid | [98] |
| P. citreoviride | LF590 | S T. aurantium | Limsky Canal (Croatia) | Citreoviridins, Territrem B | [98] |
|
P. canescens (Penicillium sp.) |
LF596 | S T. aurantium | Limsky Canal (Croatia) | Griseofulvin, Fiscalin A–C, Tryptoquivalin, Nortryptoquivalin | [98] |
| P. sclerotiorum | LF607 | S T. aurantium | Limsky Canal (Croatia) | Sclerotiorin, Sclerotioramin, Azaphilone derivative (comp. D) | [98] |
| Penicillium sp. | J05B-3-F-1 | S Stelletta sp. | Jeju Island (Korea) | (3S)-Hexylitaconic acid, (3S,8R)-Methyl 8-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2-methylenenonanoate, (3S,8R)-8-Hydroxy-3-carboxy-2-methylenenonanoic acid, (3S)-9-Hydroxy-3-carboxy-2-methylenenonanoic acid, (3S)-Methyl-9-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2-methylenenonanoate | [115] |
| P. paneum | SD-44 | sediment (depth 20 m) | South China Sea |
Penipanoid A–C, 2-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one, Penipacid A–E, Penipaline A–C, (−)-(3S)-2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1,1-dimethyl-1H-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, 1,7-Dihydro-7,7-dimethylpyrano[2,3-g]indole-3-carbaldehyde |
[116,117,118] |
| P. commune | QSD-17 | sediment | South China Sea | Meleagrin, Asperamide B1, Citreohybridonol, 3-Deacetylcitreohybridonol, Comazaphilone A–F, Isophomenone, Conidiogenone B–D,F, Conidiogenol | [12,119] |
| Penicillium sp. | DG(M3)6′C | C Didemnum granulatum | Toque Island (Brazil) | 13-Desoxyphomenone | [120] |
| P. raistrickii | AC(M2)14 | S Axinella cf. corrugata | Toque Island (Brazil) | Norlichexanthone | [120] |
| P. paxilli | Ma(G)K | S Mycale angulosa | Toque Island (Brazil) | Pyrenocine A–B,J | [120] |
| P. steckii | AS(F)39 | B Sargassum sp. | Toque Island (Brazil) | 8-Methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman-6-ol | [120] |
| Penicillium sp. | ghq208 | sediment | Jiaozhou Bay (China) | Penicinoline, Penicinoline E, Methylpenicinoline, Quinolactacide | [121] |
|
P. pinophilum (T. pinophilus) |
- | G Ulva fasciata | Kasai Marine Park (Japan) | Pinophilin A–B, Sch725680 | [122] |
| Penicillium sp. | fS36 | S unidentified sponge | Takarajima Island (Japan) | JBR-113,-114,-115 | [123] |
| Penicillium sp. | F00120 | sediment (depth 1300 m) | South China Sea | Penicilliumin A | [9] |
| Penicillium sp. | SOF07 | sediment (depth 675 m) | South China Sea | Mycophenolic acid, Hydroxy-mycophenolic acid, Penicacid A–C | [124] |
| P. crustosum | PRB-2 | sediment (depth 526 m) | Prydz Bay (Antarctica) | Penilactone A–B, 2′,4′-Dihydroxy-3′-methoxymethyl-5′-methylacetophenone | [125] |
| P. commune | SD-118 | sediment | South China Sea | Meleagrin, Chrysogine, Methyl 2-N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)carbamoylacetate, Asperamide A–B, Xanthocillin X, N-(2-Hydroxypropanoyl)-2-amino benzoic acid amide, N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide, 4-Hydroxy benzaldehyde, Methyl-2-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)carbamoyl)acetate, N2′-Acetyltryptophan methyl ester, N-Acetyldopamine | [126] |
| P. commune | 518 | C Muricella abnormalis | Danzhou (Hainan, China) | Communol A–G, Clavatol, 2,4-Dihydroxy-3-methylacetophenone, 2,4-Dihydroxy-3-methoxymethyl-5-methylacetophenone, 2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylacetophenone, cis-Bis(methylthio)silvatin | [127] |
| P. canescens | MMS194 | water | La Baule (France) | Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Oxaline, Maculosin, Penicillic acid, Penitremone A–C | [54] |
| P. canescens | MMS460 | sediment | Le Croisic (France) | Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Oxaline, Penicillic acid, Penitremone A–C |
[54] |
| Penicillium sp. | MMS747 | sediment | La Couplasse (France) | Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin, Penicillic acid, Nortryptoquivaline, Agroclavine, Festuclavine | [54] |
| P. chrysogenum | MMS5 | M shellfish | Le Croisic (France) | Meleagrin, Roquefortine C–D, Chrysogine, Aurantioclavine, Maculosin, Glandicolin A–B, Terrestric acid, Verruculotoxin | [54] |
| P. antarcticum | MMS14 | M cockles | Le Croisic (France) | Chrysogine, Cladosporin(=asperentin), 5-Hydroxyasperentin, Antarone A, Violaceic acid, Patulin, Terrestric acid | [54,128] |
| P. antarcticum | MMS15 | M cockles | Le Croisic (France) | Chrysogine, Cladosporin, 5-Hydroxyasperentin, Aurantioclavine, Antarone A, Patulin, Terrestric acid | [54,128] |
| P. antarcticum | MMS163 | M mussel | Loire estuary (France) | Patulin, Chrysogine, Cladosporin, 5-Hydroxyasperentin, Terrestric acid | [128] |
| P. marinum | MMS266 | M mussel | La Baule (France) | Penostatin derivatives, Fusoxysporone | [128] |
| P. restrictum | MMS417 | M cockles | Le Croisic (France) | Pestalotin, Hydroxypestalotin, 5,6-Dihydro-4-methoxy-6-(1-oxopentyl)-2H-pyran-2-one | [128] |
| P. citrinum | - | C soft coral | Van Phong Bay (Vietnam) | JBIR-27, Petasol, Sporogen AO-1, Dihydrosporogen AO-1 | [129] |
| Penicillium sp. | F011 | sediment | Korea | Herqueiazole, Herqueioxazole, Herqueidiketal | [130] |
| Penicillium sp. | FF001 | S Melophlus sp. | Cicia (Fiji) | Citrinin | [131] |
|
P. pinophilum (T. pinophilus) |
SD-272 | sediment | Pearl River estuary (China) | Pinodiketopiperazine A, 6,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-3-methyl phthalide, Cyclo(d-prolyl-d-valyl), Cyclo(trans-4-OH-d-prolyl-d-phenylalanyl), N-methylphenyldehydroalanyl-l-prolin-anhydrid, l-5-Oxoproline methyl ester, Rubralide C, Alternariol 2,4-dimethyl ether, Altenuene, 5′-Epialtenuene | [132] |
| Penicillium sp. | - | B Fucus spiralis | Shetland Islands (Scotland) | Patulin, Epiepoformin, Phyllostine, Cladosporin | [133] |
| Penicillium sp. | MWZ14-4 | S unidentified sponge | Weizhou (South China Sea) | Penicimarin A–F, Penicifuran A–D, Aspergillumarin A–B, Sescandelin-B, 5,6,8-Trihydroxy-4-(1′-hydroxyethyl)isocoumarin | [134] |
| Penicillium sp. | SCSIO00258 | C Dichotella gemmacea | Sanya (Hainan, China) | Penilloid A, Roquefortine C, Isoroquefortine C, Methoxyroquefortine C, Meleagrin, Glandicoline B, Neoxaline, (Z)-3-(1H-Imidazole-4-yimethylene)-6-(1H-indl-3-ylmethyl)-2,5–piperazinediol | [135] |
| Penicillium sp. | SCSGAF0023 | C D. gemmacea | Sanya (Hainan, China) | Paecilin C, 6,8,5′6′-Tetrahydroxy-3′-methylflavone, Emodin, Citrorosein, Isorhodoptilometrin, Penicillixanthone A, Secalonic acid B–D | [136] |
| Penicillium sp. | SF-5203 | intertidal sediment | Wan Island (Korea) | Fructigenine A, Cyclopenol | [137] |
| Penicillium sp. | SF-5292 | Z unidentified Bryozoan | Jeju Island (Korea) | Penicillinolide A, Cycloexpansamine A–B | [138,139] |
| Penicillium sp. | SF-5295 | S unidentified sponge | Jeju Island (Korea) | Viridicatol | [137] |
|
Penicillium sp. (P. glabrum) |
JF-55 | S unidentified sponge | Jeju Island (Korea) | Penstyrylpyrone, Anhydrofulvic acid, Citromycetin | [140] |
| Penicillium sp. | JF-72 | S unidentified sponge | Jeju Island (Korea) | Deoxyisoaustamide, Deoxydihydroisoaustamide, 16β-Hydroxy-17β-methoxy-deoxydihydroisoaustamide | [141] |
| P. chrysogenum | EN-118 | B Sargassum pallidum | Fujian (China) | Chrysotriazole A–B, 2-(4-Hydroxybenzoyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone, 2-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one), 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetylamide), N-(2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetyl)formamide, N-(2E)-(4-Hydroxyphenyl) ethenyl)formamide, N-(2Z)-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethenylformamide | [142] |
| Penicillium sp. | ZLN29 | sediment | Jiaozhou Bay (China) | Penicillide, Prenpenicillide, Prenxanthone, Bioxanthracene, NG-011, NG-012, 15-G256α-2, 15-G256β | [143] |
| Penicillium sp. | F37 | S A. corrugata | Arvoredo Island (Brazil) | cis-Cyclo(leucyl-tyrosyl) | [144] |
| Penicillium sp. | PR19N-1 = MBC06294 | sludge (depth 1000 m) | Prydz Bay (Antarctica) | 1-Chloro-3β-acetoxy-7-hydroxy-trinoreremophil-1,6,9-trien-8-one, 1-α-Chloro-2β-hydroxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8-one, 1α-Chloro-2β-hydroxyeremophil-7(11),9-dien-8-one, 5 new eremophilane compounds, Eremofortine C | [145,146] |
| P. citrinum | SCSGAF167 | C Echinogorgia aurantiaca | Sanya (Hainan, China) | Penicitrinol G–H, 2,11-Dihydroxy-1-methoxycarbonyl-9-carboxylxanthone, Chrysophanol | [147] |
| P. brefeldianum | SD-273 | sediment (depth 100 m) | Pearl River estuary (China) | Verruculogen, 24-Hydroxyverruculogen, 26-Hydroxyverruculogen, 13-O-Prenyl-26-hydroxyverruculogen, Fumitremorgin A, Cyclotryprostatin A, TR-2 | [148] |
| P. commune | 366606 | water | Qingdao (China) | Penicilliumine | [149] |
| P. echinulatum | pt-4 | R Chondrus ocellatus | Pingtan Island (China) | Arisugacin C,G,J,K, Territrem C | [150] |
| Penicillium sp. | F446 | sediment (depth 25 m) | Geomun-do Island (Korea) | Penicillipyrone A–B | [151] |
| T. trachyspermus | KUFA0021 | S Clathria reianwardii | Kram Island (Thailand) | Spiculisporic acid E, Glaucanic acid, Glauconic acid | [152] |
| P. chrysogenum | PJX-17 | sediment | South China Sea | Sorbicathecol A–B, Protocatechuic acid methyl ester, Caffeic acid methyl ester | [153] |
| Penicillium sp. | SF-5995 | C unidentified soft coral | Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica) | Methylpenicinoline | [154] |
| P. adametzioides | AS-53 | S unidentified sponge | Wenchang (Hainan, China) | Lapatin A–B, Prelapatin B, N-Formyllapatin A, Glyantrypine, Adametizine A–B, Adametacorenol A–B, Peniciadametizine A–B, Brasiliamide A, Viridicatumtoxin, Fumitremorgin B, Verruculogen | [155,156,157] |
| Penicillium sp. | SF-6013 | U Brisaster latifrons | Sea of Okhotsk (Russia) | Tanzawaic acid A–B,D–E, 2E,4Z-Tanzawaic acid D | [158] |
| P. bialowiezense | IBT28294 | water | North Sea | Asperphenamates, Mycophenolic acid, F13459, Andrastin A, Chrysogeside B–E, Quinolactacin A, Raistrick phenols, Xanthoepocin, Citreohybridonol, Preaustinoids, Fellutamides, Breviones |
[159] |
| P. lividum | KMM4663 | B Sargassum miyabei | Lazurnaya Bay (Sea of Japan) | Sargassopenilline B–G | [160] |
| P. thomii | KMM4645 | B S. miyabei | Lazurnaya Bay (Sea of Japan) | Sargassopenilline A,E | [160] |
| Talaromyces sp. | LF458 | S A. verrucosa | Elba Island (Italy) | Talaromycesone A–B, Talaroxanthenone, Vermixocin A–B, AS-186c, Δ1′,3′,-1′-Dehydroxypenicillide, 1′,2′-Dehydropenicillide, 3′-Methoxy-1′2′-dehydropenicillide | [161] |
| Talaromyces sp. | SBE-14 | C Subergorgia suberosa | Weizhou (South China Sea) |
Talaromycin A-C4, Penicillide, Δ1′,3′,-1′-Dehydroxypenicillide,Purpactin A,C,C′, Tenellic acid methyl esther |
[162] |
|
P. pinophilum (T. pinophilus) |
XS-20090E18 | C unidentified gorgonian | Xisha Island (South China Sea) | Purpactin A, Penicillide, Isopenicillide, Hydroxypenicillide, Sch1385568, Sch725680, Pinophilin B,D–F, Mitorubrin, Mitorubrinol, Mitorubrinic acid | [163] |
| T. miniolouteus | PILE14-5 | S unidentified sponge | Phi Phi Island (Thailand) | Minioluteumide A–D, Purpuride, Purpuride B, Berkedrimane B | [164] |
|
P. claviforme (P. vulpinum) |
KMM4665 | P Z. marina | Peter the Great Gulf (Russia) |
3-[2′(R)-Hydroxybutyl]-7-hydroxyphthalide, (–)-3-Butyl-7-hydroxyphthalide, Isopatulin, Cyclopenin, Cyclopeptin |
[165] |
| P. vinaceum | CYE-88 | S Hyrtios erectus | Yanbu (Saudi Arabia) | Penicillivinacine, Cyclo(d-tryptophanyl-l-prolyl), Citreoisocoumarin, Brevianamide F, Indol-3-carbaldehyde, α-Cyclopiazonic acid, Terretrione A | [166] |
| Penicillium sp. | CYE-87 | T Didemnum sp. | Suez Canal (Egypt) | Terretrione C–D, Indol-3-carbaldehyde, 3,6-Diisobutylpyrazin-2(1H)-one, Methyl-2-([2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]carbamoyl)acetate, Tryptamine | [167] |
| Penicillium sp. | IO1 | S Ircinia oros | Kermer (Turkey) | Fusarielin I, Griseofulvin, Dechlorogriseofulvin | [16] |
| Penicillium sp. | IO2 | S I. oros | Kermer (Turkey) | Curvularin, Dehydrocurvularin, Trichodimerol | [16] |
| P. expansum | Y32 | water | Indian Ocean, west of Sumatra | Communesine A–B,I, Fumiquinazoline Q, Prelapatin B, Penochalasin E, Glyantripine, Protuboxepin A–B,E, Cottoquinazoline A, Chaetoglobosin C | [168] |
| Penicillium sp. | KCB12F005 | sediment | Haenam (Korea) | Haenamindole | [169] |
| Penicillium sp. | CF07370 | sediment (depth 100 m) | Gulf of California (Mexico) | Tanzawaic acid B,E,M–P | [170] |
| Penicillium sp. | TPU1271 | organic debris attached to oyster | Oshika Peninsula (Japan) | Penicyrone A–B, Verrucosidin, Fructigenine A, Verrucofortine, Cyclo(l-Tryptophanyl-l-Phenylalanyl), Cyclopenol, Cyclopenin, Penipratynolene, Aspterric acid, Viridicatol | [171] |
| P. concentricum | ZLQ-69 | water | Bohai Sea (China) | Phenylpyropene B-D,E–F, Pyripyropene A–B,E,O | [172] |
|
P. verruculosum (T. verruculosum) |
TPU1311 | T Polycarpa aurata | Manado (Indonesia) | Verruculide A–B, Chrodrimanins A–B,H | [173] |
1 Current species name is specified in parentheses if different from the one reported in the original reference; 2 Information concerning the kind of organism is indicated as follows: B = brown alga; C = coral, soft coral; F = fish; G = green alga; M = mollusc; P = Angiosperm plant; R = red alga; S = sponge; T = tunicate; U = urchin; Z = bryozoan; 3 Products originally characterized from the corresponding strain are underlined; 4 Talaromycins A–C have been reported as new products. However, the same name was previously used for compounds with a different structure isolated from terrestrial Talaromyces strains [174,175].