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. 2016 Mar 1;6:22096. doi: 10.1038/srep22096

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

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(A,B) Aged rats exhibited impaired memory retention of fear conditioning. (A) Experimental timeline for fear conditioning. (B) Freezing scores during the STM and LTM tests. *p < 0.05, compared with young group. n = 6–8 per experimental condition. (C–F) Aged rats exhibited impaired memory retention in the MWM task. (C) Experimental timeline for the MWM task. (D) Time in each quadrant during the STM and LTM probe tests. *p < 0.05, compared with young group. n = 10 per experimental condition. (E) Swimming paths during LTM probe test. (F) Cue test. (G–I) Aged rats exhibited impaired memory retention in the NOR task. (G) Experimental timeline for the NOR task. (H) Exploration time during the STM and LTM tests. ^#p < 0.05, compared with age-matched familiar group. n = 9–10 per experimental condition. (I) Discrimination index. *p < 0.05, compared with manipulation-matched young group. n = 9–10 per experimental condition.