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. 2016 Mar 1;6:22325. doi: 10.1038/srep22325

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CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Tregs were cultured in presence of α-CD3, α-CD28, and IL-2 with increasing concentrations of NAD⁺ and after 96 hrs (a) mRNA and cytokine levels of Treg (TGF-β, IL-10), Th1 (IFNγ) Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines were measured/quantified by real-time PCR (n = 8 per group) or (b) ELISA (n = 8 per group) respectively. Data derived from two independent experiments. Data represent mean ± s.d.*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; NS, not significant. ANOVA tests were used to compare groups.