Table 6c.
Standardized regression coefficients predicting students’ self-efficacy in the spring of 8th grade (N=3,306 students)
| Dependent variable = self-efficacy, Spring of 8th grade | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Class average | −0.15*** (0.03) |
−0.09 (0.05) |
|
| Algebra |
−0.26*** (0.04) |
−0.15* (0.07) |
|
| Controls | |||
| Self-efficacy, fall of 8th grade | 0.53*** (0.02) |
0.53*** (0.02) |
0.53*** (0.02) |
| Prior math achievement (7th grade) | 0.22*** (0.02) |
0.20*** (0.02) |
0.22*** (0.02) |
| Male | 0.05 (0.03) |
0.05 (0.03) |
0.05 (0.03) |
| Hispanic | −0.05 (0.06) |
−0.04 (0.06) |
−0.05 (0.06) |
| Vietnamese | 0.00 (0.07) |
−0.01 (0.07) |
−0.01 (0.07) |
| Other | 0.05 (0.08) |
0.04 (0.08) |
0.05 (0.08) |
| Free/reduced lunch status | −0.04 (0.04) |
−0.04 (0.04) |
−0.04 (0.04) |
| English Learner status | 0.07 (0.04) |
0.07 (0.04) |
0.07 (0.04) |
| Cohort dummy | 0.01 (0.04) |
0.02 (0.04) |
0.02 (0.04) |
| Geometry | −0.17 (0.10) |
0.02 (0.15) |
|
| Constant | 0.95*** (0.14) |
0.78*** (0.16) |
0.78*** (0.15) |
| R2 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.36 |
| Observations | 3,095 | 3,095 | 3,095 |
Note. Standard errors in parentheses; time-invariant school characteristics are controlled in the analysis with school “fixed effects”, which amounts to including dummy variables for all but one school (using Stata’s xtreg command). Algebra indicates student math course placement in 8th grade and is in reference to the base category consisting of eighth grade students enrolled in general mathematics courses. Controls are in reference to White, Female, English Only (EO), and non National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants.
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.00