TABLE 1.

Selected Parameters Related to Spinal Disc Loading for 2 Different Course Settings in Giant Slalom^a

	GS 25/6-m Course	GS 25/10-m Course	P Valuec	Effect Size (Cohen d)
Specific turn phase averageb
Frontal bending angle, deg	27.2 ± 8.3	26.8 ± 6.8	.819	0.109
Lateral bending angle, deg	11.1 ± 4.3	11.7 ± 3.5	.281	–0.557
Torsion angle, deg	6.1 ± 3.1	6.2 ± 3.6	.918	–0.049
Total ground-reaction force, N/BW	1.68 ± 0.32	1.65 ± 0.23	.645	0.222
Specific turn phase maximumb
Frontal bending angle, deg	29.0 ± 8.9	28.7 ± 6.8	.858	0.085
Lateral bending angle, deg	13.7 ± 6.2	13.1 ± 4.0	.618	0.241
Torsion angle, deg	7.7 ± 3.1	8.9 ± 3.2	.166	–0.756
Total ground-reaction force, N/BW	1.81 ± 0.33	1.80 ± 0.24	.895	0.063

^aValues are expressed as average ± SD unless otherwise indicated. Linear gate distance on course was 25 m, gate offset by 6 and 10 m. BW, body weight; GS, giant slalom.

^bMeasured during the turn phase from gate passage until the last point where center of mass markedly changes its direction (COM Direction Change II).

^cThere were no significant differences at P < .05.