Table 3. Regression analysis of psychiatric indices and demographic and ophthalmic parameters in 301 patients with dry eye disease (DED).
| PSQI |
HADS |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | P value | β | P value | ||
| Age | 0.126 | 0.03 | −0.075 | n.s. | |
| GenderA | 0.061 | n.s. | 0.034 | n.s. | |
| Mood index | |||||
| HADS | 0.420 | < 0.001 | – | – | |
| HADS-A | 0.370 | < 0.001 | – | – | |
| HADS-D | 0.388 | < 0.001 | – | – | |
| Symptoms and signs | |||||
| High myopia | 0.062 | n.s. | 0.057 | n.s. | |
| PhotophobiaB | −0.237 | < 0.001 | −0.299 | < 0.001 | |
| Morningness/eveningnessC | −0.225 | < 0.001 | −0.121 | < 0.05 | |
| Severity of DEDD | 0.120 | < 0.05 | 0.119 | < 0.05 | |
| BUT | −0.062 | n.s. | −0.031 | n.s. | |
| Schirmer test | −0.079 | n.s. | −0.216 | n.s. (0.07) | |
| Keratoepitheliopathy | 0.054 | n.s. | −0.016 | n.s. | |
| Medication for DED | |||||
| Hyaluronate | 0.051 | n.s. | −0.051 | n.s. | |
| Mucin secretagogue | 0.151 | n.s. (0.08) | 0.133 | n.s. | |
| Steroid | 0.081 | n.s. | −0.003 | n.s. | |
Pearson product moment correlation. AMale = 1, female = 0. B,C,DSee text in methods. Abbreviations: PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS-A, anxiety subscore of HADS; HADS-D, depression subscore of HADS; BUT, tear break-up time; n.s., not significant.