Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Category of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Level at Visit 2, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1990–1992
Characteristic | Overall Study Population (n = 11,441) |
Undetectable hs-cTnT (<5 ng/L) (n = 7,585) |
Detectable hs-cTnT (5–13 ng/L) (n = 3,418) |
Elevated hs-cTnT (≥14 ng/L) (n = 438) |
P Valuea | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | % | Mean (SD) | % | Mean (SD) | % | Mean (SD) | % | ||
Age, years | 56.7 (5.7) | 55.7 (5.5) | 58.4 (5.7) | 60.0 (5.4) | <0.001 | ||||
Female sex | 57.3 | 66.3 | 40.2 | 28.2 | <0.001 | ||||
Black race | 24.7 | 21.0 | 25.4 | 42.7 | <0.001 | ||||
Body mass indexb | <0.001 | ||||||||
Obese | 28.2 | 24.7 | 30.5 | 41.4 | <0.001 | ||||
Overweight | 39.9 | 39.9 | 42.2 | 35.8 | 0.016 | ||||
Normal weight or underweight | 31.9 | 35.4 | 27.3 | 23.2 | <0.001 | ||||
SBP, mm Hg | 121.0 (18.6) | 118.4 (17.0) | 124.5 (19.1) | 132.6 (24.7) | <0.001 | ||||
DBP, mm Hg | 72.2 (10.2) | 71.3 (9.7) | 73.3 (10.6) | 74.0 (12.2) | <0.001 | ||||
Hypertension | 28.0 | 23.3 | 33.5 | 48.7 | <0.001 | ||||
Diabetes | 13.3 | 9.6 | 17.0 | 34.7 | <0.001 | ||||
HbA1c, % | 5.7 (1.1) | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.9 (1.3) | 6.6 (2.0) | <0.001 | ||||
Left ventricular hypertrophy | 2.2 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 8.5 | <0.001 | ||||
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 209.6 (39.1) | 209.5 (38.2) | 209.6 (39.1) | 211.8 (49.3) | 0.486 | ||||
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 50.3 (16.8) | 51.8 (17.0) | 47.4 (15.9) | 45.4 (17.4) | <0.001 | ||||
eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 12.9 | <0.001 | ||||
Physical activity index | 2.4 (0.8) | 2.4 (0.8) | 2.5 (0.8) | 2.3 (0.8) | <0.001 | ||||
Smoking status | <0.001 | ||||||||
Current | 21.8 | 24.0 | 17.0 | 21.7 | <0.001 | ||||
Former | 36.8 | 34.6 | 41.0 | 43.2 | <0.001 | ||||
Never | 41.5 | 41.4 | 42.0 | 35.1 | 0.052 | ||||
Drinking status | <0.001 | ||||||||
Current | 57.5 | 59.6 | 56.2 | 43.4 | <0.001 | ||||
Former | 19.6 | 18.0 | 20.6 | 33.9 | <0.001 | ||||
Never | 22.8 | 22.4 | 23.2 | 22.7 | 0.540 | ||||
Educational levelc | <0.001 | ||||||||
Low | 20.1 | 17.4 | 22.9 | 36.3 | <0.001 | ||||
Mid-level | 42.0 | 44.3 | 38.4 | 32.7 | <0.001 | ||||
High | 38.0 | 38.3 | 38.8 | 31.0 | 0.002 | ||||
Income per year | <0.001 | ||||||||
<$16,000 | 18.8 | 16.7 | 19.5 | 30.8 | <0.001 | ||||
$16,000–$34,999 | 31.6 | 31.3 | 31.9 | 32.0 | 0.762 | ||||
≥$35,000 | 45.8 | 48.5 | 44.6 | 31.7 | <0.001 | ||||
Unknown | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 0.037 |
Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hs-cTnT, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.
a P values for the differences between hs-cTnT groups for continuous variables were obtained using an analysis of variance F-test. P values for different proportions between hs-cTnT groups for categorical/binary variables were obtained by χ2 test.
b Weight (kg)/height (m)2.
c High educational level was defined as a lifetime educational attainment of college, graduate, or professional degree; mid-level education, lifetime educational attainment of 12th grade completion, general education diploma, or vocational training; and low education, lifetime educational attainment of less than 12th grade.