FIG 2.

SSA promotes C₄-dicarboxylate utilization in A. tumefaciens. (A) Organization of C₄-dicarboxylate transporter gene clusters and their induction profiles in the microarray. The gene clusters are composed of a dctA transporter gene, three rpoN-related regulators, and two sets of dctB-dctD genes encoding two-component regulatory systems. The arrows indicate the direction of transcription. Fold change was calculated based on the average readings of two repeated microarrays. (B) Growth of A. tumefaciens C58, A6, and the A6 dctA deletion mutant (ΔdctA strain) using malate as the sole carbon source with or without SSA. (C) Growth of A. tumefaciens A6 and its mutant using malate as the sole carbon source with or without SSA. −, no chemical addition; +, chemical addition. Error bars denote standard deviations.