Table 1.
Means, Standard Deviations, and Ranges for Study Variables.
| Overall Sample Mean (SD) |
Overall Sample Range |
Mexico-born Mean (SD) |
U.S-born Mean (SD) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive Symptoms | ||||
| Time 1 | 17.98 (10.17) | 1.00 – 54.00 | 18.17 (11.37) | 17.88 (09.50) |
| Time 2 | 17.29 (11.11) | 0.00 – 47.00 | 18.11 (11.63) | 16.79 (10.80) |
| Time 3 | 16.38 (11.36) | 0.00 – 48.00 | 16.95 (10.97) | 16.07 (11.61) |
| Time 4 | 15.02 (10.71) | 0.00 – 58.00 | 15.47 (11.36) | 14.77 (10.38) |
| Acculturative Stress | ||||
| Time 1± | 0.68 (0.73) | 0.00 – 4.79 | 0.91 (0.85) | 0.56 (0.61) |
| Time 2± | 0.65 (0.73) | 0.00 – 3.86 | 0.88 (0.95) | 0.53 (0.56) |
| Time 3± | 0.58 (0.72) | 0.00 – 4.64 | 0.86 (0.93) | 0.45 (0.55) |
| Time 4 | 0.54 (0.63) | 0.00 – 3.86 | 0.63 (0.78) | 0.50 (0.54) |
| Enculturative Stress | ||||
| Time 1± | 0.56 (0.69) | 0.00 – 4.91 | 0.24 (0.37) | 0.73 (0.76) |
| Time 2± | 0.66 (0.74) | 0.00 – 3.55 | 0.32 (0.42) | 0.84 (0.81) |
| Time 3± | 0.65 (0.73) | 0.00 – 3.73 | 0.33 (0.41) | 0.81 (0.80) |
| Time 4± | 0.54 (0.64) | 0.00 – 3.36 | 0.23 (0.35) | 0.69 (0.70) |
| Maternal Warmth | ||||
| Time 1 | 4.04 (0.77) | 1.13 – 5.00 | 4.03 (0.70) | 4.05 (0.81) |
| Time 2 | 3.78 (0.92) | 1.13 – 5.00 | 3.87 (0.90) | 3.72 (0.94) |
| Time 3 | 3.67 (1.01) | 1.00 – 5.00 | 3.70 (1.02) | 3.66 (1.01) |
| Time 4 | 3.82 (0.95) | 1.00 – 5.00 | 3.85 (0.95) | 3.81 (0.95) |
| Economic Hardship | ||||
| Time 1 | −0.02 (2.51) | −4.61 – 8.49 | 0.10 (2.54) | −0.09 (2.50) |
| Time 2± | 0.00 (2.38) | −4.81 – 6.98 | 0.64 (2.37) | −0.37 (2.32) |
| Time 3± | −0.02 (2.35) | −4.46 – 7.52 | 0.64 (2.55) | −0.36 (2.18) |
| Time 4± | 0.00 (2.39) | −4.41 – 7.25 | 0.59 (2.55) | −0.33 (2.23) |
Note. ± Significant mean-level differences between Mexico-born and U.S.-born participants, p < .05. Economic hardship means reflect a standardized mean-score across the sample. Depressive symptoms reflect sum-scores of the CES-D.