Table 3.

Logistic Regression Model Assessing Relationship Between Polyfunctional Response and Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Among Patients With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Tuberculosis Coinfection Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy

TB-Specific IFN-γ+/IL-2+/TNF-α+ CD4+ T-cells	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Baseline	1.7 (.82–3.4)	1.7 (.83–3.5)
Change from baseline	2.5 (1.1–6.0)a	2.8 (1.1–7.5)a
Week 4 post-ART	2.3 (1.2–4.5)a	3.5 (1.4–8.8)a

Baseline (n = 52), change from baseline (n = 45), and week 4 post–ART initiation (n = 78) frequencies of polyfunctional (IFN-γ⁺/IL-2⁺/TNF-α⁺) CD4⁺ T-cell response to purified protein derivative stimulation from unadjusted analyses shown in Figures 1A, 2, and 3A were stratified into quartiles and assessed for association with tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in a logistic regression model. Median frequencies of polyfunctional CD4⁺ T-cells corresponding to each quartile are detailed in Supplementary Table 3. Table shows the ORs and 95% CIs for TB-IRIS for every quartile increase in polyfunctional IFN-γ⁺/IL-2⁺/TNF-α⁺ CD4⁺ T-cells. For adjusted analyses, nevirapine-based ART, body mass index, and pre-ART CD4 counts were included in the model.

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL-2, interleukin 2; OR, odds ratio; TB, tuberculosis; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.

^a Indicates independent association between polyfunctional tuberculosis-specific CD4⁺ T-cell response and TB-IRIS.