Table 2.
Characteristics of seven studies from nine study sites included in measurement of VPDI shown in Fig. 1.
Trial (reference) | Vaccine | Vaccine schedule | Follow-up period | Episodes | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rotavirus Africa (Malawi, South Africa) (6) | Rotarix (human, live, attenuated, monovalent G1P8 vaccine) | 2 or 3 doses at age 6, 10, 14 weeks | 2 weeks after last dose to age 1 year | All episodes | Severe rotavirus gastroenteritis defined by Vesikari score |
Rotavirus Asia (Bangladesh, Vietnam) (8) | Rotateq (human-bovine reassortment pentavalent) | 3 doses at 6, 10,14 weeks | 14 days after dose 3 up to 24 months | All episodes | Severe rotavirus gastroenteritis defined by Vesikari score |
Pneumococcus The Gambia (5) | 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (1, 4, 5, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F) | 3 doses separated by at least 25 days, age 6–51 weeks at initiation | 2 weeks after first dose to illness, withdrawal, death, age 30 months, or study completion | First episode | Severe all cause pneumonia + confirmed pneumococcal meningitis |
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Indonesia (4) | Hib conjugate vaccine (PRP-T) | 3 doses a scheduled age of 6,10,14 weeks delivered through routine immunization program | 2 weeks after first dose until death, age 2 years, or study completion | All episodes | Severe all cause pneumonia + either meningitis hospitalization or outpatient seizure |
Malaria multi-center older children (15) | RTS,S, adjuvanted anti-circumsporozoite vaccine | 3 doses at 1 month intervals, age 5–17 months at initiation | Age first vaccination to 12 months after dose 3 | All episodes | Any parasitemia + one or more markers of severe malaria |
Malaria multi-center young infants (16) | RTS,S, adjuvanted anti-circumsporozoite vaccine | 3 doses at 1 month intervals age 6 to 12 weeks at initiation | Age first vaccination to 12 months after dose 3 | All episodes | Any parasitemia + one or more markers of severe malaria |
Cholera India (17) | Shanchol: oral, killed, whole-cell vaccine with O1 El Tor Inaba, O1 classical Ogawa, O1 classical Inaba, and O139 V. cholerae | 2 doses at 1 month intervals, age 1–4 years at initiation | 14 to 730 days after first vaccination | First episodes | Confirmed cholera (3+ stools in 24 h, or <3 stools with dehydration, plus V. cholerae identification in stool) |