Table 4. The risk of different smoking groups between diabetics and non-diabetics for cardiovascular and coronary heart diseases and all -cause mortality, after pooling current and past smokers in a single category.
Tehran Lipid and Glucose study (1999–2012).
| Diabetic (n = 367) | Non Diabetic(n = 1863) | P value for interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never | Current/Past | Never | Current/Past | ||
| CVD | |||||
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.20(0.84–1.71) (p = 0.327) | 1 | 1.44(1.15–1.78) (p = 0.001) | 0.514 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.29(0.89–1.86) (p = 0.175) | 1 | 1.53(1.23–1.91) (P<0.001) | 0.556 |
| Mortality | |||||
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.18(0.77–1.80) (p = 0.437) | 1 | 1.32(0.96–1.81) (p = 0.087) | 0.713 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.25(0.81–1.92) (p = 0.314) | 1 | 1.32(0.96–1.82) (p = 0.084) | 0.847 |
| CHD | |||||
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.18(0.79–1.76) (p = 0.413) | 1 | 1.41(1.12–1.79) (p = 0.004) | 0.602 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.23(0.82–1.85) (p = 0.320) | 1 | 1.49(1.18–1.89) (p = 0.001) | 0.644 |
Model 1: adjusted for age; Model 2: adjusted for age, body mass index, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, education level and eGFR.
P value for interactions between smoking groups and the prevalent diabetes regarding different outcomes was calculated in multivariate analyses in a pooled sample, using likelihood-ratio test.