Table 1.
Comparison of odor detection thresholds and odor activity values between canines (based on Passe and Walker [9]) and humans (based on Devos et al. [5]).
| Source reference in[9] | Methods | Compound | CAS | Canine ODT[9](ppm) | Human ODT[5](ppm) | ODTC:ODTH | Canine OAV of 1 ppm | Human OAV of 1 ppm | OAVC:OAVH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuhaus [10] | Dogs chose from 3 odor ports. Pushing a box behind the correct port uncovered sugar for reward. | Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | 4.99E-11 | 1.45E-01 | 3.44E-10 | 2.00E+10 | 6.90E+00 | 2.90E+09 |
| Propanoic acid | 79-09-4 | 3.09E-11 | 3.55E-02 | 8.70E-10 | 3.24E+10 | 2.82E+01 | 1.15E+09 | ||
| Butyric acid | 107-92-6 | 1.46E-12 | 3.89E-03 | 3.76E-10 | 6.84E+11 | 2.57E+02 | 2.66E+09 | ||
| Pentanoic acid | 109-52-4 | 5.36E-12 | 4.79E-03 | 1.12E-09 | 1.87E+11 | 2.09E+02 | 8.94E+08 | ||
| Hexanoic acid | 142-62-1 | 7.67E-12 | 1.26E-02 | 6.09E-10 | 1.30E+11 | 7.94E+01 | 1.64E+09 | ||
| Octanoic acid | 124-07-2 | 1.20E-11 | 3.98E-03 | 3.01E-09 | 8.34E+10 | 2.51E+02 | 3.32E+08 | ||
| Ashton, Eayrs and Moulton [11] | Crucibles containing odorous solutions was placed on the floor. Dog alerted by sitting when odor was present. | Formic acid | 64-18-6 | 1.30E+03 | 2.82E+01 | 4.60E+01 | 7.71E-04 | 3.55E-02 | 2.17E-02 |
| Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | 1.73E+02 | 1.45E-01 | 1.19E+03 | 5.77E-03 | 6.90E+00 | 8.37E-04 | ||
| Propanoic acid | 79-09-4 | 1.78E+01 | 3.55E-02 | 5.01E+02 | 5.63E-02 | 2.82E+01 | 2.00E-03 | ||
| Butyric acid | 107-92-6 | 3.67E+00 | 3.89E-03 | 9.44E+02 | 2.72E-01 | 2.57E+02 | 1.06E-03 | ||
| Pentanoic acid | 109-52-4 | 5.24E+01 | 4.79E-03 | 1.09E+04 | 1.91E-02 | 2.09E+02 | 9.14E-05 | ||
| Hexanoic acid | 142-62-1 | 3.20E+01 | 1.26E-02 | 2.54E+03 | 3.13E-02 | 7.94E+01 | 3.94E-04 | ||
| Heptanoic acid | 111-14-8 | 1.76E+01 | 2.75E-02 | 6.39E+02 | 5.69E-02 | 3.64E+01 | 1.57E-03 | ||
| Octanoic acid | 124-07-2 | 8.11E+00 | 3.98E-03 | 2.04E+03 | 1.23E-01 | 2.51E+02 | 4.91E-04 | ||
| Moulton, Ashton, and Eayrs [12] | Crucibles containing odorous solutions was placed on the floor. Dog alerted by sitting when odor was present. | Formic acid | 64-18-6 | 1.96E-02 | 2.82E+01 | 6.96E-04 | 5.09E+01 | 3.55E-02 | 1.44E+03 |
| Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | 5.73E-04 | 1.45E-01 | 3.95E-03 | 1.74E+03 | 6.90E+00 | 2.53E+02 | ||
| Propanoic acid | 79-09-4 | 1.23E-05 | 3.55E-02 | 3.46E-04 | 8.13E+04 | 2.82E+01 | 2.89E+03 | ||
| Butyric acid | 107-92-6 | 4.95E-07 | 3.89E-03 | 1.27E-04 | 2.02E+06 | 2.57E+02 | 7.85E+03 | ||
| Pentanoic acid | 109-52-4 | 1.55E-05 | 4.79E-03 | 3.23E-03 | 6.47E+04 | 2.09E+02 | 3.10E+02 | ||
| Hexanoic acid | 142-62-1 | 3.13E-06 | 1.26E-02 | 2.48E-04 | 3.20E+05 | 7.94E+01 | 4.03E+03 | ||
| Heptanoic acid | 111-14-8 | 5.55E-07 | 2.75E-02 | 2.02E-05 | 1.80E+06 | 3.64E+01 | 4.95E+04 | ||
| Octanoic acid | 124-07-2 | 1.12E-07 | 3.98E-03 | 2.81E-05 | 8.93E+06 | 2.51E+02 | 3.56E+04 | ||
| Isobutyric acid | 79-31-2 | 5.56E-07 | 1.95E-02 | 2.85E-05 | 1.80E+06 | 5.13E+01 | 3.51E+04 | ||
| Moulton and Marshal [13] | Trial was initiated by manipulating a treadle, dogs chose from 3 odor ports. Alert was placing nose in correct odorant for 5 seconds. | α-ionone | 127-41-3 | 4.02E-13 | 5.75E-05 | 6.99E-09 | 2.49E+12 | 1.74E+04 | 1.43E+08 |
| Marshall, Blumer and Moulton [14] | Same test apparatus as Moulton and Marshal (1976). 1 sample port, alert was keeping nose in port for 5 sec. | Pentanoic acid | 109-52-4 | 1.51E-07 | 4.79E-03 | 3.15E-05 | 6.62E+06 | 2.09E+02 | 3.17E+04 |
| Krestel, Passe, Smith and Jonsson [15] | Conditioned suppression using odor ports. | Amyl acetate | 628-63-7 | 1.93E-07 | 3.09E-02 | 6.23E-06 | 5.19E+06 | 3.24E+01 | 1.60E+05 |
REF=reference; ODT=odor detection threshold; OAV=odor activity value; ODTC=canine odor detection threshold; ODTH=human odor detection threshold; OAVC=odor activity value for canines; OAVH=odor activity value for humans. All gas phase calculations assumed 1 atm at 25 °C.