Table 1.

Actual vs. STS-predicted vs. MEM-predicted glucose and glycerol R_a

	Glucose Ra, mg·kg−1·min−1					Glycerol Ra, mmol·kg−1·min−1
Participant	Simple method phase 16	STS predicted	MEM for control and T1D groups	MEM for control and T2D groups	MEM for control and obese groups	Simple method (10 phase)	STS predicted	MEM for control and T1D groups	MEM for control and T2D groups	MEM for control and obese groups
Control 1	0.50	0.96	0.74	0.74	0.83	2.18	2.24	2.18	2.21	2.17
Control 2	0.20	0.09	0.74	0.74	0.61	2.61	2.29	2.35	1.76	2.33
Control 3	0.27	0.66	0.74	0.74	0.69	2.08	1.66	1.79	2.34	1.79
Control 4	0.54	0.10	0.74	0.74	0.88	1.36	1.49	1.43	1.42	1.44
T1D 1	1.62	1.35	1.68			2.05	2.68	1.81
T1D 2	1.31	2.07	1.68			2.86	3.59	2.89
T1D 3	1.13	1.05	1.68			3.02	1.73	2.35
T1D 4	1.29	1.56	1.68			5.01	3.64	2.84
T2D 1	1.46	1.53		1.39		3.16	2.58		3.29
T2D 2	1.41	1.15		1.39		2.05	2.47		2.44
T2D 3	1.16	1.19		1.39		2.44	3.13		2.57
T2D 4	1.24	1.03		1.39		2.82	5.00		3.55
Obese 1	1.37	1.65			1.38	1.91	2.05			2.32
Obese 2	0.60	2.25			1.13	2.35	2.77			2.59
Obese 3	0.59	1.15			1.14	2.21	3.41			2.85
Obese 4	0.21	0.71			0.86	2.59	3.24			2.78
Control mean	0.38 ± 0.17	0.45 ± 0.43	0.74 ± 0	0.74 ± 0	0.75 ± 0.12	2.05 ± 0.52	1.92 ± 0.40	1.94 ± 0.41	1.93 ± 0.43	2.13 ± 0.26
T1D mean	1.34 ± 0.20	1.51 ± 0.43	1.68 ± 0			3.24 ± 1.26	2.91 ± 0.90	2.48 ± 0.50
T2D mean	1.32 ± 0.14	1.22 ± 0.21		1.39 ± 0		2.61 ± 0.48	3.29 ± 1.17		2.96 ± 0.54
Obese mean	0.70 ± 0.49	1.44 ± 0.66			1.13 ± 0.21	2.27 ± 0.14	2.87 ± 0.60			3.15 ± 0.66

Values are means ± SE. STS, standard two-stage; MEM, mixed-effects model; R_a, glucose rate of appearance; T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes. Predicted glucose and glycerol R_a were calculated per participant using the median insulin for the appropriate phase (10 phase for glycerol and 16 phase for glucose). The median insulin concentrations were 38 IU/ml for the 10 phase and 51 IU/ml for the 16 phase.