Fig. 4.
Schemes for nanoslit and nanochannel fabrication in PDMS. Fabrication of crack-induced (a) normally-open nanochannels; (b) normally-closed nanochannels. (c) Fabrication of nanochannels using wrinkles made by surface buckling. (d) Nanochannel fabrication using sacrificial electrospun nanofibers. (e) Fabrication of nanochannels by deformation of a thin layer of PDMS over nanotopography. (f) Nanochannel fabrication by collapse of micron-scale PDMS microchannels. (g) Nanochannel fabrication with PS Petri-dish cracking.