Table 3. Associations between nutritional quality of diet, aged 16 years, and students’ performance in mathematics tests, Chile, 2009–2012.
| Variable | OR (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Unhealthy diet | 0.42 (0.19–0.88) | 0.42 (0.20–0.89) | 0.43 (0.20–0.91) | 0.35 (0.15–0.82) |
| Fair diet | 0.60 (0.36–0.98) | 0.59 (0.36–0.97) | 0.58 (0.35–0.93) | 0.57 (0.32–0.99) |
| BMI (Z-score) | – | 0.92 (0.75–1.14) | 0.94 (0.76–1.15) | 0.96 (0.82–1.30) |
| Incomplete maternal education | – | – | 0.61 (0.35–1.04) | 0.83 (0.46–1.51) |
| Female sex | – | – | 0.93 (0.58–1.58) | 0.75 (0.44–1.25) |
| Vocational high school | – | – | – | 0.14 (0.08–0.25) |
| Adult high school | – | – | – | 0.06 (0.02–0.28) |
BMI: body mass index; CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio.
Notes: Diets with poor nutritional value items and high in fat, sugar, salt and calories were classified as unhealthy diets. Diets with highly processed foods that were low in fat were classified as fair diets. Nutrient rich diets were classified as healthy diets. Reference group: participants with a healthy diet.