Table 1.
Means and Percentages of Model Covariates by Level of Adoption Intention and Behavior
| Covariate | All children (n=1160) | By Model Dependent Variable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never considered (n=498) | Ever considered, not planning (n=322) | Current plans to adopt (n=186) | Already adopted (n=154) | ||
| Mean (standard error) | |||||
| Days between interviews | 552.2 (8.24) | 535.2 (13.83) | 563.5 (16.01) | 560.4 (17.69) | 572.6 (13.19) |
| Child Age in years | 11.1 (0.33) | 12.3 (0.46) | 11.3 (0.49) | 9.8 (0.88)* | 9.1 (0.63)*† |
| Caregiver Age in years | 57.1 (0.92) | 58.6 (1.63) | 59.0 (1.41) | 53.1 (1.99)*† | 57.1 (1.61) |
| Child Characteristics | Percent (standard error) | ||||
| Child Sex is Male | 47.3 (3.43) | 48.7 (5.47) | 50.1 (5.85) | 42.4 (8.13) | 48.1 (6.73) |
| Child Race/ethnicity is Hispanic | 15.6 (3.07) | 13.1 (4.43) | 10.5 (3.70) | 24.4 (8.69) | 14.1 (4.76) |
| Non-Hispanic (NH) White | 37.4 (3.02) | 36.6 (4.84) | 49.4 (5.75) | 27.7 (6.60)† | 38.3 (6.47) |
| NH Black | 36.6 (3.37) | 44.0 (5.78) | 27.9 (5.89) | 33.6 (7.66) | 35.6 (6.51) |
| NH Other | 10.4 (1.92) | 6.3 (1.51) | 12.2 (2.82) | 14.3 (6.13) | 12.0 (3.68) |
| Excellent/very good health | 78.4 (2.68) | 81.7 (3.87) | 80.8 (3.86) | 74.5 (7.08) | 69.4 (6.18) |
| Special health care needs | 40.3 (3.59) | 30.8 (4.74) | 35.9 (5.29) | 59.1 (7.77)*† | 39.1 (6.52)‡ |
| Has ADHD | 19.7 (2.60) | 14.2 (3.17) | 23.2 (4.94) | 24.4 (6.68) | 22.9 (6.01) |
| Experienced divorce/separation | 45.0 (3.38) | 48.9 (5.45) | 52.5 (5.95) | 33.5 (7.57)† | 41.7 (6.58) |
| Ever lived with mentally ill | 26.1 (2.80) | 25.7 (4.30) | 29.0 (4.79) | 24.1 (6.91) | 26.5 (5.64) |
| Ever lived with substance abuser | 46.9 (3.46) | 44.8 (5.55) | 53.3 (5.89) | 44.5 (8.16) | 47.2 (6.77) |
| Household (HH) Characteristics | |||||
| HH income relative to Federal Poverty Level (FPL) 0–50%(very poor) | 17.2 (3.33) | 11.1 (3.11) | 10.1 (3.94) | 34.3 (9.20)*† | 12.2 (4.33)‡ |
| FPL 50–100% (poor) | 19.4 (2.74) | 17.6 (4.07) | 21.8 (5.33) | 20.4 (6.37) | 17.8 (5.20) |
| FPL 100–200% (near-poor) | 29.4 (3.03) | 38.9 (5.53) | 29.1 (5.46) | 13.5 (4.02)*† | 35.4 (6.93)‡ |
| FPL >200% (not poor) | 34.0 (3.40) | 32.5 (5.48) | 39.0 (5.57) | 31.9 (7.59) | 34.5 (6.31) |
| Highest education <=High school | 50.1 (3.57) | 44.6 (5.45) | 43.9 (5.97) | 61.9 (8.09) | 55.9 (6.57) |
| Caregiver Characteristics | |||||
| Kin Foster care | 10.7 (2.10) | 12.3 (3.61) | 6.9 (3.25) | 12.6 (4.68) | 8.2 (4.21) |
| Nonkin Foster care | 7.2 (1.93) | 1.5 (0.53) | 7.8 (3.93) | 12.5 (5.81) | 14.9 (5.18)* |
| Nonfoster grandparent care | 59.5 (3.70) | 63.4 (6.06) | 65.8 (5.91) | 50.9 (8.54) | 51.1 (6.77) |
| Nonfoster nongrandparent | 22.6 (3.37) | 22.9 (6.19) | 19.4 (4.85) | 23.9 (6.71) | 25.8 (6.33) |
| Caregiver respondent is married | 45.2 (3.55) | 50.4 (5.49) | 45.5 (5.68) | 35.3 (7.82) | 49.7 (6.68) |
| Caregiver owns home | 57.9 (3.57) | 63.4 (5.57) | 64.1 (6.08) | 42.4 (8.31)*† | 62.6 (6.74) |
| Any fulltime employee in home | 41.1 (3.57) | 42.1 (5.51) | 49.4 (5.95) | 35.0 (7.90) | 33.2 (6.32) |
| Any retiree in home | 23.1 (2.43) | 26.3 (4.23) | 27.3 (4.90) | 11.6 (3.62)*† | 31.1 (5.66)‡ |
| Caregiver or spouse not in excellent/very good health | 58.3 (3.67) | 59.9 (5.92) | 55.2 (5.93) | 59.4 (8.18) | 56.3 (6.51) |
| Caregiving Placement Characteristics | |||||
| CPS/agency helped arrange care | 32.3 (3.18) | 21.7 (4.25) | 27.9 (5.33) | 39.5 (8.32) | 65.8 (6.07)*†‡ |
| Received payment for care | 57.8 (3.48) | 55.3 (5.46) | 55.4 (5.71) | 56.3 (8.64) | 78.4 (4.60)*†‡ |
| Caregiver was very well prepared | 57.3 (3.50) | 57.4 (5.48) | 54.3 (5.74) | 59.3 (8.24) | 58.3 (6.98) |
| Difficult to obtain adoption info | 18.8 (2.61) | 6.6 (1.47) | 22.2 (5.09)* | 34.1 (7.71)* | 18.9 (5.30)* |
| Easy to obtain | 48.7 (3.53) | 47.6 (5.57) | 48.7 (5.87) | 40.6 (8.72) | 74.7 (5.96)*†‡ |
| Not needed/never knew of it | 32.6 (3.65) | 45.8 (5.79) | 29.1 (5.53)* | 25.2 (7.70)* | 6.4 (3.51)*†‡ |
| Difficult to obtain legal info | 13.6 (2.28) | 14.3 (3.69) | 8.9 (3.33) | 17.4 (5.51) | 12.2 (4.22) |
| Easy to obtain | 37.7 (3.25) | 33.6 (5.30) | 41.2 (5.81) | 32.8 (7.57) | 59.1 (6.56)*†‡ |
| Not needed/never knew of it | 48.7 (3.48) | 52.1 (5.65) | 49.9 (5.83) | 49.8 (8.45) | 28.7 (6.21)*†‡ |
| Parenting Characteristics | |||||
| Good understanding of child | 82.1 (2.54) | 74.4 (4.88) | 83.4 (4.85) | 94.5 (2.07)*† | 77.5 (5.30)‡ |
| Usually/always feel stressed | 12.9 (2.07) | 11.7 (3.21) | 14.9 (3.85) | 13.2 (4.90) | 12.6 (3.68) |
*
Estimate significantly differs at 0.05 level from that of “never considered”;
†
Estimate significantly differs at 0.05 level from that of “ever considered, not planning”;
‡
Estimate significantly differs at 0.05 level from that of “current plans to adopt.”
CPS is Child Protective Services.