Figure 1.

Curcumin suppressed α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and collagen I (ColI) protein expression levels. (A) Western blotting and corresponding densitometric quantification of α-SMA, ColI and internal reference GAPDH expression in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated with 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the presence of curcumin at various concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 20 µmol/l) for 24 h. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA in CFs following treatment with 20 µmol/l curcumin. α-SMA and nuclei were stained with Cy5 (red) and DAPI (blue), respectively (bar, 100 µm). *P<0.05 vs. control group; ^#P<0.05 vs. TGF-β1 group.